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NCERT Biology - MCQ Questions with Answers

(21) A gene is said to be dominant, if
[A] It is never expressed in any condition
[B] It is expressed only in heterozygous
[C] It expresses its effect only in heterozygous state
[D] It is expressed both in heterozygous and heterozygous condition

Comment

Answer: Option [D]

The correct answer is It is expressed both in heterozygous and heterozygous condition. A dominant gene is a gene, which can express in both homozygous and heterozygous conditions. For instance, TT is expressed as tall phenotype; Tt also gives tall phenotype. Here, 'T' is the dominant gene.

(22) Laws of segregation and dominance were given by
[A] Darwin
[B] Morgan
[C] Mendel
[D] De Vries

Comment

Answer: Option [C]

Laws of segregation and dominance were given by Mendel. Mendel stated three laws known as Mendel's laws of inheritance. These laws are: Law of Segregation. Law of Dominance.

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(23) Segregation of alleles takes place during
[A] Cleavage
[B] Melosis
[C] Fertilization
[D] Non-disjunction

Comment

Answer: Option [B]

Segregation of alleles takes place during Melosis. The law of segregation states that each factor in a pair separates during gamete formation, such that each gamete receives only one allele of a character. Gamete formation happens by the process of meiosis.

(24) The sum of genes in a population is called
[A] Genotype
[B] Karyotype
[C] Gene pool
[D] Lethal gene

Comment

Answer: Option [C]

The sum of genes in a population is called Gene pool. Phenotype refers to a set of observable characteristics of an individual or group resulting from the interaction of its genotype with its environment. Gene pool refers to the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population.

(25) If two opposite alleles come together, one finding morphological expression masking the other, the fact is described as law of
[A] Inheritance
[B] Dominance
[C] Limiting factor
[D] Segregation

Comment

Answer: Option [B]

If two opposite alleles come together, one finding morphological expression masking the other, the fact is described as the law of dominance.

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