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Free download in PDF Nucleic Acid Objective Type Questions and Answers for competitive exams. These short objective type questions with answers are very important for Board exams as well as competitive exams like Biotechnology, Genetics, JIPMER, NEET, AIIMS etc. These short solved questions or quizzes are provided by Gkseries.
(21)
Which component is found in both guanosine and uridine?
[A]
Both contain an aldohexose
[B]
Both contain three hydroxyl groups
[C]
Both contain a 1’,9 - bond
[D]
Both contain a pyranose
Answer: Both contain three hydroxyl groups
(22)
Which property is shared by both CTP and dTDP?
[A]
Both contain the same sugar
[B]
Both contain the same charge at cellular pH
[C]
Both contain a planar six-membered ring
[D]
Both contain phosphodiester bonds
Answer: Both contain a planar six-membered ring
(23)
Which is a general property of both nucleosides and nucleotides?
[A]
Both contain a pentose in the form of a furanose
[B]
Both contain at least one 5’-phosphate group
[C]
Both contain a nitrogenous base that forms covalent H-bonds
[D]
Both contain a hemiacetal or hemiketal bond
Answer: Both contain a pentose in the form of a furanose
(24)
Which characteristic does this double-stranded molecule have when it forms a B- DNA structure?
[A]
The two strands will have parallel orientation and identical sequences
[B]
The helix will be right-handed with 12 base-pairs per turn
[C]
Every base-pair will contain one purine and one pyrimidine
[D]
There are both covalent and non-covalent bonds between the two chains
Answer: Every base-pair will contain one purine and one pyrimidine
(25)
Which of the following double-stranded DNA molecules would denature at a lower temperature than the 40 base-pair double-stranded molecule described above?
[A]
a 40 base-pair molecule in which 25% of the bases are adenines
[B]
a 30 base-pair molecule in which 40% of the bases are guanines
[C]
a 20 base-pair molecule in which 10% of the bases are thymines
[D]
a 10 base-pair molecule in which 20 % of the bases are cytosines
Answer: a 10 base-pair molecule in which 20 % of the bases are cytosines
(26)
Which characteristic will this double-stranded DNA molecule share with a double-stranded RNA molecule of the same size?
[A]
Both will have secondary structure
[B]
Both will contain inverted repeats
[C]
Both will be degraded by base
[D]
Both will contain four types of base-pairs
Answer: Both will have secondary structure
(27)
Which will be a characteristic of this one single strand?
[A]
The single-stranded chain will contain both ribose and deoxyribose
[B]
The single-stranded chain will contain both purines and pyrimidines
[C]
The single-stranded chain will contain one 5’-end and one 3’-end
[D]
The single-stranded chain will contain multiple phosphodiester bonds each linking a 2’-carbon and a 5’-carbon
Answer: The single-stranded chain will contain one 5’-end and one 3’-end
(28)
Which of the following are not the components of RNA?
[A]
Thymine
[B]
Adenine
[C]
Guanine
[D]
Cytosine
(29)
What is the composition of nucleotide?
[A]
a sugar + a phosphate
[B]
a base + a sugar
[C]
a base + a phosphate
[D]
a base + a sugar + phosphate
Answer: a base + a sugar + phosphate
(30)
Which of the following is true about phosphodiester linkage?
[A]
5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
[B]
3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
[C]
5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
[D]
3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
Answer: 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
31
Which of the following is false about purine and pyrimidine bases?
[A]
They are hydrophobic and relatively insoluble in water at the near-neutral pH of the cell
[B]
At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water increases
[C]
Purines have two rings in their structure, but pyrimidine bases have only one ring
[D]
At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water decreases
Answer: At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water decreases
32
Building blocks of nucleic acids are
[A]
Nucleotides
[B]
Nucleosides
[C]
Amino acids
[D]
Histones
33
Which of the following leads to disruption of nucleosomal structure?
[A]
Acetylation
[B]
Carboxylation
[C]
Phosphorylation
[D]
Methylation
34
Which of the following statements is not true about RNA?
[A]
Does not have a double stranded structure
[B]
Thymine is present
[C]
Does not obey Chargaff’s rule
[D]
The sugar contained in RNA is a ribose
Answer: Thymine is present
35
Which component is found in both adenosine and deoxycytidine?
[A]
Both contain a pyranose
[B]
Both contain a 1,1’-N-glycosidic bond
[C]
Both contain a pyrimidine
[D]
Both contain a 3’-OH group
Answer: Both contain a 3’-OH group
36
Which property is shared by both GDP and AMP?
[A]
Both contain the same charge at neutral pH
[B]
Both contain the same number of phosphate groups
[C]
Both contain the same purine
[D]
Both contain the same furanose
Answer: Both contain the same furanose
37
Which characteristic is shared by purines and pyrimidines?
[A]
Both contain two heterocyclic rings with aromatic character
[B]
Both can form multiple non-covalent hydrogen bonds
[C]
Both exist in planar configurations with a hemiacetal linkage
[D]
Both exist as neutral zwitterions under cellular conditions
Answer: Both can form multiple non-covalent hydrogen bonds
38
Which characteristic is shared by both adenine and cytosine?
[A]
Both contain one methyl group
[B]
Both are anomeric
[C]
Both contain one keto group
[D]
Both are heterocyclic
Answer: Both are heterocyclic
39
Which characteristic is found in both purines and pyrimidines?
[A]
They both have aromatic rings that undergo substantial tautomerization at neutral pH
[B]
They both are weak bases that can be positively charged at neutral pH
[C]
They both have multiple pKa values that result in zwitterion forms
[D]
They both can form stable N-glycosidic bonds with β D-ribofuranose
Answer: They both can form stable N-glycosidic bonds with β D-ribofuranose
40
Which force can stabilize a DNA double-helix?
[A]
Hydrophobic bases are found in the interior of the helix where each base- pair is stabilized by the same number of hydrogen bonds
[B]
Hydrophilic sugar-phosphate groups are found on the exterior of the helix where they can interact with water
[C]
Non-covalent N-glycosidic bonds can form between nitrogenous bases in opposite strands in the helix
[D]
Covalent base-stacking interactions can occur between adjacent bases within the same strand in the helix
Answer: Hydrophilic sugar-phosphate groups are found on the exterior of the helix where they can interact with water
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