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Free download in PDF Translation Objective Type Questions and Answers for competitive exams. These short objective type questions with answers are very important for Board exams as well as competitive exams. These short solved questions or quizzes are provided by Gkseries.
(21)
In eukaryotes, the consensus promoter sequences (TATA box) that are required for initiation of transcription is generally present
[A]
10 nucleotide upstream of transcription start site (TSS)
[B]
25 nucleotide upstream of TSS
[C]
10 nucleotide downstream of TSS
[D]
25 nucleotide downstream of TSS
Answer: 25 nucleotide upstream of TSS
(22)
In eukaryotes, the RNA synthesis process is more complex than prokaryotes. The RNA synthesis process is regulated by chromatin structure, upstream and downstream sequences, binding partners, etc. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the transcription process in eukaryotes:
[A]
Most actively transcribed genes are found in a loosely relaxed form of chromatin called euchromatin
[B]
The most inactive segment of DNA is found in compact chromatin structure called heterochromatin
[C]
Histone modification such as methylation, acetylation regulate the RNA transcription by modulating chromatin structure
[D]
All of the above
(23)
Rifamycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. It binds to .... subunit of RNA polymerase and inhibits the initiation of transcription.
(24)
The termination of transcription occurs in both rho-dependent and rho-independent manner. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the termination of transcription
[A]
rho proteins recognize C-rich region near 3'end of the newly synthesized RNA
[B]
rho-independent termination occurs when the transcription reaches the palindromic structure leading to the formation of hairpins
[C]
rho protein competes with RNA polymerase for binding to nucleotides
[D]
None of the above
Answer: rho protein competes with RNA polymerase for binding to nucleotides
(25)
In prokaryotes, TTGACA is an upstream consensus nucleotide sequence that is required for transcription ....... step
[A]
Initiation
[B]
Elongation
[C]
Termination
[D]
None of the above
(26)
RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of RNA by addition nucleotide monophosphate and release of pyrophosphate for nucleotide triphosphate. RNA polymerase
[A]
consists of 5'-3' exonuclease activity
[B]
lacks 3'-5' endonuclease activity
[C]
is a high fidelity enzyme
[D]
All of the above
Answer: lacks 3'-5' endonuclease activity
(27)
In prokaryotes, RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of:
[A]
mRNA
[B]
rRNA
[C]
tRNA
[D]
All of the above
(28)
The RNA polymerase is a multi-subunit enzyme that recognizes a consensus nucleotide sequence (promoter region) upstream of the transcription start site. In prokaryotes, the consensus promoter sequence consists of 5-TATAAT-3' also known as
[A]
Enhancer box
[B]
Pribnow box
[C]
Transcription unit
[D]
None of the above
(29)
Which of the following statement is NOT true regarding transcription/RNA synthesis?
[A]
RNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus
[B]
Unlike DNA synthesis, the only selective sequence of DNA is transcribed to RNA
[C]
RNA synthesis requires a short stretch of RNA primers
[D]
DNA sequences, specific proteins, and small RNAs regulate RNA synthesis
Answer: RNA synthesis requires a short stretch of RNA primers
(30)
Transcription of DNA results RNA that have multiple functions including
[A]
messenger RNA serves as a template for synthesis of proteins
[B]
tRNA serves as the adapter molecule for the addition of amino acids and elongation of the peptide chain
[C]
ribosomal RNA serves as machinery for protein synthesis
[D]
All of the above
31
The AU rich regions on the stem loop structure of IRE ____________
[A]
Promote translation
[B]
Promote degradation
[C]
Decrease translation
[D]
Decrease degradation
Answer: Promote degradation
32
Which of the following will effectively cause normal translation from an initiation AUG, blocked by a strong AUG upstream?
[A]
Hairpin loop near the 1st AUG
[B]
No measure required
[C]
In frame stop codon between two AUGs
[D]
None of the above
Answer: In frame stop codon between two AUGs
33
EF2 structurally mimics_______
[A]
EF1
[B]
tRNA
[C]
Ribosomal subunit
[D]
EF-Ts
34
What is the eukaryotic homologue for EF-G?
[A]
EF1
[B]
EF2
[C]
EF3
[D]
None of the above
35
Tetracycline blocks protein synthesis by
[A]
inhibiting binding of aminoacyl tRNA to ribosome
[B]
inhibiting initiation of translation
[C]
inhibiting peptidyl transferase
[D]
inhibiting translocase enzyme
Answer: inhibiting binding of aminoacyl tRNA to ribosome
36
hsp 60 and 70 are proteins involved in
[A]
initiation of translation
[B]
elongation of translation
[C]
termination of translation
[D]
protein folding
37
eRF1 is the release factor in eukaryotes that requires
[A]
ATP for its binding to ribosome
[B]
GTP for its binding to ribosome
[C]
ATP and GTP for its binding to ribosome
[D]
None of the above
Answer: GTP for its binding to ribosome
38
During translation, proteins are synthesized
[A]
by ribosomes using the information on DNA
[B]
by lysosome using the information on DNA
[C]
by ribosomes using the information on mRNA
[D]
None of the above
Answer: by ribosomes using the information on mRNA
39
In Prokaryotes, the first amino acid in the polypeptide chain is
[A]
methionine
[B]
N-methyl methionine
[C]
N-formyl methionine
[D]
All of these
Answer: N-formyl methionine
40
In Prokaryotes, the ribosomal binding site on mRNA is called
[A]
Hogness sequence
[B]
Shine-Dalgarno sequence
[C]
Pribnow sequence
[D]
All of the above
Answer: Shine-Dalgarno sequence
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