PAPER – I
PART A
Unit 1 Basics and Circuit Theory:
a) Work, Power, Energy; Ohm’s Law; DC circuits; Kirchhoff’s Laws; AC circuits, Resonance in R-L - Circuits.
b) Nodal analysis; Mesh analysis; Network theorems; Transient analysis of RL, RC and RLC circuits; 3 phase circuits; Two-port networks.
Unit II Electromagnetic theory:
(a) Maxwell’ equations; Wave propagation inbounded media; Boundary conditions; Reflection and refraction of plane waves; Distributed parameter circuits.
Transmission line: Travelling and Standing waves, impedance matching, smith chart.
Unit III Electrical Machines:
DC Machines: Contruction, Working principle, Characteristics and application; Starting and speed control.
AC Machines: Single phase and poly phase induction motors,
Synchronous motor -
Construction, working principle and charecteristics, starting and speed control; FHP motors and stepper motors, Alternators-Basics and Parallel operation.
Power and Distribution Transformers: Design, Efficiency and regulation by direct and indirect loading; Types of transformer connections, its installation and maintenance.
Unit IV Electrical Measurements and Instrumentation:
Measurement of current, voltage, power, energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance, capacitance and frequency.
Multimeters, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, earth tester, potentiomenter.
Transducers: thermocouple, thermistors, LVDT, strain guage, piezoelectric crystal; Use of transducers in measurement of non-electrical quantities, Data acquisition systems.
PART B
Unit I Power System:
a) Characteristics and performance of transmission line, Ferranti effect.
b) Steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables; Per unit quantities; Bus admittance and impedance matrices; Symmtrical components;
c) Load flow studies in newton Rapson method, Gauss-Seidel method; transient on transmission line; optimal load frequency control, automatic voltage control.
d) Analysis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults; Principle of active and reactive powertransfer and distribution, Reactive power compensation.
Unit II Computer aided power systems:
a) Static VAR systems; Concept of HVDC transmission: FACTS devices sush asSVC & UPFC.
b) Introduction to load dispatch centers (LDC); SCADA systems: Speed control of generators; Tie-line control; Frequency control; Economic dispatch.
Unit III Control Engineering:
a) Block diagram representation; Principles and applications of feedback;
b) Concept of Stability, Time- domain and transform-domain analysis;
Routh-Hurwitz criterion; Root Loci; Nyquist criterion, Bode plots.
c) Design of lead-lag compensators; State variable representation;
Principles of discrete control systems.
Unit IV Electronics
Analog electronics:
a) Characteristics and equivalent circuits of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET; Clipping, clamping and rectifier circuits using diodes; Biasing and bias stability, FET amplifiers.
b) Single andmulti-stage, differential, operational, feedback and power amplifiers; Analysis of amplifier; Frequency response of amplifiers, OPAMP circuits; Filters; Function generation; Wave shapping circuits; Power supplies.
Digital Electronics:
a) Boolean algebra; minimization of Boolean functions; Logic gates; Digital IC families; Combinational circuits; Arithmetic circuits; Code converters; Multiplexers; Decoders.
b) Latches andflip-flops; Counters and shift registers; Comparators; Timers; Multi-vibrators; Sample and hold circuits; ADCs and DACs; Semi-conductor memories; Logic implementation using ROM.
PAPER – II
PART A
Unit I Power Electronics and Electrical Drives:
a) Diodes, Power Transistors, thyristors, triacs, GTOs, MOSFETs, IGBTsStatic characteristics and principle of operation; Triggering circuits; Phase controlled rectifiers; Bridge concerters-fully controlled and halfcontrolled.
b) Principles of choppers, inverters and cyclo-converters; Basic concepts of speed control of dc and ac motors drives; Applications of variable speed drives.
Unit II Micro-processors and Micro-Computers:
a) Evolution of microprocessor technology, 8085 CPU; Architecture, programming, memory & I/O interfacing, Modes of operation; Power control; interfacing; Typical applications.
b) PC organization; CPU, Instruction set, register set, timing diagram, programming, interrupts, memory interfacing, programmable peripheral devices.
Unit III Analog and Digital Communication:
a) Need for modulation; Normal amplitude modulation; Modulation index; Frequency and phasemodulation; Frequency deviation and modulation index; Pulse amplitude modulation; Pulse width modulation; Pulseposition modulation.
b) Pulse codemodulation; Differential pulse code modulation, Delta modulation; Digitalmodulation and demodulation schemes; interfacing with power line; Descriptionof a typical power line carrier communication system.
Unit IV Fibre Optic Systems:
a) Time divisionmultiplexing; Frequency division Multiplexing; Optical properties of materials; Refractive index; Absorption and emission of light.
b) Optical fibres; Lasers and opto-electronic materials; Fibre optic links.
PART B
Unit I Energy Management:
a) Introduction to energy problem; Power scenario of Mizoram State and India;
b) Basics of wind turbine aerodynamics; Wind energy conversions systems and their integration into electrical grid; Power quality issues solar energy: Thermal conversion, photovoltaic conversion.
c) Importance of energy management; Energy conservation opportunities,
Energy audit; Energy economics; Discount rate; Payback period; internal rate of return; Life cycle costing, Electricity Act 2003.
Unit II Power System Protection:
a) Principles of circuit breaking; Arc extinction for DC and AC; Arc interruption theories; Duties of switchgear; Various types of circuit breakers and their applications to power systems; Specifications of an impulse voltage wave; Insulation co-ordinations.
b) Principles of overcurrent, differential and distance protection; Concept of solid-state relays; Computer-aided protection; Protection of generators; transformers and transmission lines; Application of DSP to protection.
Unit III Stability:
a) Dynamics of synchronous generators; Small signal stability analysis (Low frequency oscillations)- Analysis of single machine systems, Applications of power system stabilizers; Node elimination technique, numerical solution of swing equation.
b) Transient stability analysis; Dynamic stability analysis; Voltage stability analysis, Static VAR control of load.
Unit IV Signals, Systems and Digital Signal Processing:
a) Representation of continuos-time and discrete-time signals and systems.
b) Fourier transforms; Laplace transforms; Z-transforms; Transfer functions; DFT, FFT processing of analog signals through discretetime systems.
c) Frequency domain design of digitals filters; Quantization effects in digital filters.