Anthropology Questions and Answers for Competitive Exams | Anthropology Quiz Set 20

Assertion (A) : For fetal development to occur normally, the process of meiosis needs to be normal. If chromosome strands do not separate during divisions, serious problems can arise.

Reason (R) : Trisomies are caused due to non-disjunction.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : In general, Homo is characterized by a smaller facial skeleton, including smaller teeth and jaws.

Reason (R) : The early fossils belonging to the genus Homo were originally placed into a single species, Homo habilis, discovered by Raymond Dart.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Changing - allele frequencies in a population represent evolutionary change.

Reason (R) : Though Hardy - Weinberg Law can be used to estimate the frequency of autosomal recessive alleles in a population, it can not be used for X - linked recessive alleles.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Genomic methods are being used to compare the similarities and differences in the genomes of Humans, Chimpanzees and Neanderthals.

Reason (R) : There is no need of conducting genomic studies on non-human primates as the fossil record provides us a complete catalogue of the major phenotypic changes that have occurred over time.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Variability is inherent in all populations.

Reason (R) : The human species is polymorphic, and natural selection can be seen.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Genetic drift, or Founder effect is the random factor in evolution, and it is not a function of population size.

Reason (R) : If an allele is rare in a small population it may completely disappear because, just by chance, it is not passed on to the offspring.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : “Out of Africa” model believes that modern human populations are all derived from a single speciation event that took place in a restricted region within Africa.

Reason (R) : The human populations which remained in Africa have the highest degree of genetic diversity, and all populations outside Africa show a high degree of genetic relatedness.

In the context of the above statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : The forward position of the foramen magnum in the base of the skull can not be used to infer upright posture.

Reason (R) : The anatomical evidence for erect posture and bipedalism is mainly found in the post cranial skeleton.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : In double descent, the members of the group observe some rights, duties, and privileges from father side and some from mother side.

Reason (R) : The case of double descent emerges in a society that is in transition from matriarchy to patriarchy.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Durkheim’s analyses of Arunta totemism reflects his functional viewpoint.

Reason (R) : Through totemistic beliefs and practices, Aruntas maintain an equillibrium between the availability of food stuff and survival of the group.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : According to Claude-Levi Strauss since the making process of all languages is one and the same, therefore, there is structural uniformity in all the languages of the world.

Reason (R) : Claude - Levi Strauss’ concept of structural anthropology is absolutely based upon structural linguistics of the Prague school of linguistics.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Malinowski’s fieldwork in Trobriand Islands is considered to be the longest fieldwork done by any anthropologists till date.

Reason (R) : It was a forced stay in the field by Malinowski due to the outbreak of First World War, not any voluntary stay by him.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : ‘Universalization’ and ‘Parochialization’ are the concepts related with great and little tradition.

Reason (R) : When an element of great tradition assumes the form of a little tradition, it is a case of universalization, and when an element of little tradition assumes the form of great tradition, it is called Parochialization.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : A kingdom and a chiefdom both are considered as ‘Stateless societies’.

Reason (R) : Characteristics of a state consist of defined territory, defined population, sovereignty, and a government.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?

Assertion (A) : Franz Boas is regarded as a ‘historical particularist’.

Reason (R) : Historical particularism refers to development of human culture from savagery through barbarism to civilisation.

In the context of the above two statements which one of the following is correct ?