Q. The so-called universities of Nalanda, Vikramshila, etc. were actually:
(a) Buddhist monasteries
(b) Apex bodies of Buddhist monasteries
(c) Learning centres of Buddhist monks
(d) Secular centres of education and learning
Ans: (a) Buddhist monasteries
Explanation: The option (a) “Buddhist monasteries” is the most accurate description of the universities of Nalanda, Vikramshila, and other similar institutions.
Nalanda and Vikramshila were renowned centers of learning in ancient India, particularly during the period of Buddhist scholarship and influence. These institutions were primarily Buddhist monastic universities or monasteries that played a crucial role in the dissemination and development of Buddhist philosophy, logic, and other fields of study.
These monastic universities were not simply places of religious practice and meditation; they were centers of intellectual and academic pursuits. Buddhist monks, scholars, and students from various regions would come to these universities to engage in rigorous study and scholarly discourse.
The universities of Nalanda, Vikramshila, and others like Odantapuri were known for their vast libraries, lecture halls, and facilities that fostered academic and intellectual pursuits. Scholars from different fields of study, not limited to Buddhism, would gather at these institutions to exchange ideas and engage in debates.
While these universities had a strong affiliation with Buddhism, it is important to note that they were not exclusively focused on Buddhist teachings. They offered a comprehensive education that encompassed various disciplines, including philosophy, logic, mathematics, medicine, linguistics, and more.
Therefore, the most accurate description of the universities of Nalanda, Vikramshila, and similar institutions is that they were (a) Buddhist monasteries that served as centers of learning and intellectual pursuits.
