Q. The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act (1919) was popularly known as the
(a) Rowlatt Act
(b) Pitt’s India Act
(c) Indian Arms Act
(d) Ilbert Bill
Ans: (a) Rowlatt Act
Explanation: The correct answer is (a) Rowlatt Act.
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crime Act (1919) was popularly known as the Rowlatt Act. It was named after Sir Sidney Rowlatt, the British judge who headed the Rowlatt Committee that recommended the legislation. The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919, during the British colonial rule in India. The Rowlatt Act granted the British government sweeping powers to arrest and detain individuals without trial, curbing civil liberties and freedom of expression. It was a highly controversial act and sparked widespread protests and opposition throughout India. The Act played a significant role in intensifying the Indian independence movement and was met with strong resistance from Indian leaders and the general public, eventually leading to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar.
