About Geography of India

India is situated north of the equator between 8°4′ north (the mainland) to 37°6′ north latitude and 68°7′ east to 97°25′ east longitude. It is the seventh-largest country in the world, with a total area of 3,287,263 square kilometres (1,269,219 sq mi). India measures 3,214 km (1,997 mi) from north to south and 2,933 km (1,822 mi) from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km (9,445 mi) and a coastline of 7,516.6 km (4,671 mi).

On the south, India projects into and is bounded by the Indian Ocean—in particular, by the Arabian Sea on the west, the Lakshadweep Sea to the southwest, the Bay of Bengal on the east, and the Indian Ocean proper to the south. The Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar separate India from Sri Lanka immediately to the southeast, while the Maldives lie about 125 kilometres (78 miles) south of India’s Lakshadweep Islands across the Eight Degree Channel. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, about 1,200 kilometres (750 miles) southeast of the main continent, share maritime borders with Myanmar, Thailand and Indonesia. The extreme south point of the Indian mainland (8°4′38″N, 77°31′56″E) is just further south of Kanyakumari, and the southernmost point within the boundaries of India is Indira Point on Great Nicobar Island. The northernmost point administered by India is Indira Col, Siachen Glacier. The territorial waters of India extend 12 nautical miles (13.8 miles; 22.2 km) from the coast baseline. India has the world’s 18th largest Exclusive Economic Zone measuring 2,305,143 square kilometres (890,021 square miles).