Aditya-L1 Mission to be Launched in 2nd September
Aditya-L1 Mission to be Launched in 2nd September: ISRO Chief S Somanath revealed that the Aditya-L1 project, the first space-based Indian observatory to study the Sun, will most likely launch in the first week of September. This announcement comes hours after ISRO’s third lunar mission Chandrayaan-3 made a successful landing on the lunar surface.
On September 2, ISRO will launch the PSLV-C57 for the Aditya L1 mission. This is the first space-based Indian observatory to study the Sun from ISRO, which will be scheduled for launch on September 2, 2023, at 11:50 IST from Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota.
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Aditya L1 will be ISRO’s 2 space-based astronomy mission after AstroSat, which was launched in 2015. Aditya 1 was renamed as Aditya-L1. The Aditya 1 was meant to observe only the solar corona.
What is AstroSat?
AstroSat, was launched in September, 2015, by PSLV-C30 from Sriharikota (Andhra Pradesh). It is the first dedicated Indian astronomy mission aimed at studying celestial sources in X-ray, optical and UV spectral bands simultaneously.
About the Aditya L1
Aditya L1 would be the first space-based Indian mission to study the Sun. The spacecraft will be positioned in a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth system’s Lagrange point 1 (L1), which is approximately 1.5 million kilometres away from Earth. A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/eclipses. This will provide a greater advantage of observing the solar activities and its effect on space weather in real time. Earlier, on July 14, ISRO, taking to Twitter informed that Aditya-L1, the first space-based Indian observatory to study the Sun was getting ready for the launch.
Key Points
- Launch Vehicle: Aditya L1 will be launched using the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) XL with 7 payloads (instruments) on board.
- Objective: Aditya L1 will examine the Sun’s corona (visible and near-infrared rays), photosphere (soft and hard X-rays), chromosphere (Ultra Violet), solar emissions, solar winds and flares, and Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), as well as perform round-the-clock imaging of the Sun.
- Challenges: The distance of the Sun from Earth ( approximately 15 crore kms on average, compared to the only 3.84 lakh kms to the Moon).This huge distance poses a scientific challenge. Due to the risks involved, payloads in earlier ISRO missions have largely remained stationary in space; however, Aditya L1 will have some moving components which increases the risks of collision. Other issues are the super hot temperatures and radiation in the solar atmosphere. However, Aditya L1 will stay much farther away, and the heat is not expected to be a major concern for the instruments on board.
Importance of Aditya L1
- Evolution of every planet, including Earth and the exoplanets beyond the Solar System, is governed by its parent star i.e the Sun in our case. The weather and atmosphere of the Sun influence the weather of the entire system. As a result, it is critical to study the Sun.
- Effects of Variation in Solar Weather System: Variations in this weather can change the orbits of satellites or shorten their lives, interfere with or damage onboard electronics, and cause power blackouts and other disturbances on Earth.
- Knowledge of solar events is key to understanding space weather. Continuous solar observations are required to learn about, track, and anticipate the impact of Earth-directed storms. Many of the instruments and their components for this mission are being manufactured for the first time in the country.