Q. Consider the following alignment of two DNA sequences: Assuming an affine gap scoring scheme of an identity matrix for substitution, a gap initiation penalty of 1 and a gap extension penalty of 0.1, the score of the alignment is (up to one decimal place) Ans: 1.8 to 1.9

Q. At the end of a batch culture, glucose solution is added at a flow rate of 200 ml/h. If the culture volume after 2 h of glucose addition is 1000 ml, the initial culture volume (in ml) is   Ans: 600 to 600

Q. Yeast converts glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide by glycolysis as per the following reaction: Assuming complete conversion, the amount of ethanol produced (in g) from 200 g of glucose is (up to two decimal places) Ans: 102.00 to 103.00

Q. In a chemostat, the feed flow rate and culture volume are 100 ml/h and 1.0 L, respectively. With glucose as substrate, the values of µmax and Ks are 0.2 h-1 and 1 g/L, respectively. For a glucose concentration of 10 g/L in the feed, the effluent substrate concentration (in g/L) is          ...

Q. A microbial strain is cultured in a 100 L stirred fermenter for secondary metabolite production. If the specific rate of oxygen uptake is 0.4 h-1 and the oxygen solubility in the broth is 8 mg/L, then the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KLa) (in s-1) of oxygen required to achieve a ...

Q. An aqueous solution containing 6.8 mg/L of an antibiotic is extracted with amyl acetate. If the partition coefficient of the antibiotic is 170 and the ratio of water to solvent is 85, then the extraction factor is        Ans: 2 to 2

Q. 5' capping of mRNA transcripts in eukaryotes involves the following events: P. Addition of GMP on the 5¢ end Q. Removal of g-phosphate of the triphosphate on first base at the 5¢ end C. 5'-5' linkage between GMP and the first base at 5¢ end S. Addition of methyl group to N7 position ...

Q. Match the industrial products mentioned in Group I with their producer organisms in Group II Group I                    Group II P. Citric acid            1. Trichoderma viride Q. ...

Q. Which of the following are true with regard to anaerobic respiration in bacteria? P. The final electron acceptor is an inorganic substance other than molecular oxygen Q. The number of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule is more than that produced in aerobic respiration R. The ...

Q. Which of the following are true about bacterial superoxide dismutase? P. Present in obligate aerobes Q. Present in facultative anaerobes R. Present in aerotolerant anaerobes S. Absent in obligate aerobes (A) P and Q only                       (B) P, Q and R only (C) P and ...

Q. Which one of the following statements is true with regard to processing and presentation of protein antigens? (A) In the class II MHC pathway, protein antigens in the cytosol are processed by proteasomes (B) In the class I MHC pathway, extracellular protein antigens are endocytosed into ...

Q. Which one of the combinations of the following statements is true about antibody structure? P. Limited proteolysis of rabbit IgG with the enzyme pepsin generates two antigen-binding regions (Fab) and an Fc fragment Q. Limited proteolysis of rabbit IgG with the enzyme papain generates a ...