UPSC Notes
Literacy Rates : Geography

The literacy rate of a country is the percentage of people there who can read and write. In India, our literacy is rising from generation to generation, especially when compared to past century. According to the Census 2011, a person aged 7 years and above, who can read and write with ...

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Sex Ratio : Geography

The term, “Sex Ratio” refers to the sex distribution of a population which is typically used as an indicator to measure the extent of equality between males and females in a society at a given time. It measures the number of males for every 1000 females within a population. It is one of the ...

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Age Composition : Geography

The age distribution is a major source of variation among human populations. In general, populations with a high proportion of young dependents have a high death rate and a low birth rate, while populations with a high proportion of older persons have a low death rate but a high birth rate. The ...

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Population Growth and Processes of Population Change

The population of the world is unequal in geographic, numerical and space distribution. It consists of individuals belonging to different ethnic groups, speaking different languages and professing different religions. The rapid increase in the population has led the governments to take steps ...

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Population Size and Distribution

A population is a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area. The population is the unit of natural selection and evolution. How large a population is and how fast it is growing are often used as measures of its health. India's Population Size and Distribution by Numbers ...

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Population : Geography

The population is a crucial element in social studies. Human beings are producers and consumers of the earth's resources. People have invented technology and made natural resources useful to them. Nature is a source of products and services to be used for consumption by human beings. The human ...

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Government Initiative to Protect Flora and Fauna

Over the years, there has been an increase in the cases of illegal hunting and poaching. This has been a cause for concern among environmentalists and wildlife enthusiasts. The government of India has taken care to develop policies so as to curb this inhuman practice. In order to protect the flora ...

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Cause of Major Threat to flora and fauna

All species are important in the ecosystem because they serve an important role in nature. Some species like trees protect us from extreme weather conditions, while some animal species help maintain the balance of nature. It is among one of the major issues that have always been discussed ...

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Wildlife : Geography

Wildlife plays an important role in balancing the environment. Wildlife provides stability to different processes of nature. Wildlife and nature have been largely associated with humans for emotional and social reasons. The term "wildlife" refers to groups of animals that are hard to control ...

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Types of Vegetation : Geography

India, a fascinating country boasting a rich cultural heritage and a thriving economy is a land of varied vegetation. A strong reliance on agriculture has brought about tremendous growth in the production of forest produce. There are five major types of natural vegetation found in India- Tropical ...

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Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Natural vegetation refers to a plant community, which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. This is termed as virgin vegetation. Although natural vegetation is a major ecological component, it is generally overlooked by researchers and ...

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Monsoon as a Unifying Bond : Geography

The monsoon season comes as a blessing for those people who depend on water for their livelihood. The word unifying bond is used in reference to monsoon because it binds the entire country together as it provides the much-needed water to the agricultural activities. Every year farmers all ...

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