Daily Current Affairs: 29&30 January 2023 | Gkseries

January 30, 2023

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Current Affairs is the most important area in all competitive exams. But the difficulty level is very high. That’s why; many aspirants get confused, how to select Current Affairs for Preparation of Competitive Examination? In this Post, Daily Current Affairs 29&30 January 2023, we have tried to cover each and every point and also included all important facts from National/ International news that are useful for upcoming competitive examinations such as UPSC, SSC, Railway, State Govt. etc.

Current Affairs for Competitive Exam – 29&30 January 2022

Mahatma Gandhi Death Anniversary, All About Mahatma Gandhi Assassination

Mahatma Gandhi Death Anniversary: Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, at the age of 78, on the grounds of Birla House, a substantial palace in the centre of New Delhi known as Gandhi Smriti. His killer was Nathuram Vinayak Godse, a member of the Hindu Mahasabha and a right-wing Hindu paramilitary group. Nathuram Godse was a Chitpavan Brahmin from Pune, Maharashtra, and a Hindu nationalist. Nathuram Godse believed that during the partition of India the year before, Mahatma Gandhi had been too accommodative to Pakistan.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

Mahatma Gandhi Assassination

According to witnesses, Mahatma Gandhi had arrived at the top of the stairs leading to the elevated lawn outside Birla House, where every evening, sometime around five o’clock, he had begun organising multifaith prayer gatherings. Nathuram Godse emerged from the group of people flanking Gandhi’s path as he started to go toward the dais and fired three bullets at point-blank range into Gandhi’s chest and belly. Gandhi collapsed on the floor. Mahatma Gandhi was taken back to his room at Birla House, where a representative later appeared to make the announcement of his passing.

Nathuram Godse was apprehended by crowd participants and turned over to the police. The Mahatma Gandhi murder trial began in May 1948 in Delhi’s famed Red Fort, with Godse as the lead defendant and his accomplice Narayan Apte, as well as six additional people, being considered co-defendants. The home minister Vallabhbhai Patel is said to have pushed for a speedy conclusion of the trial in order “to evade scrutiny for the inability to prevent the assassination.” Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte were found guilty of capital crimes on November 8, 1949. Despite Manilal and Ramdas Gandhi, the two sons of Mahatma Gandhi, pleading for commutation, Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel, the deputy prime minister, and Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, the governor-general of India, rejected their request. On November 15, 1949, Nathuram Godse and Apte were executed at the Ambala prison.

Mahatma Gandhi Assassination Attempt on January 20, 1948

Mahatma Gandhi had first been residing and having his prayer sessions at the Balmiki Temple, close to Gole Market in the northern section of New Delhi.
Mahatma Gandhi relocated to Birla House, a sizable home on what was then Albuquerque Road in south-central New Delhi, not far from the diplomatic enclave, when the temple was commandeered for housing refugees of the partition.
Mahatma Gandhi was holding prayer gatherings on a high lawn behind Birla House while residing in two unassuming rooms in the building’s left wing.
On January 20, 1948, there was a first attempt to murder Gandhi at Birla House. Stanley Wolpert claims that Nathuram Godse and his associates accompanied Gandhi to a park where he was giving a speech.
A grenade was launched away from the crowd by one of them.
The audience panicked in response to the loud explosion, which led to a disorderly stampede.
Mahatma Gandhi was the only speaker on the platform. After the throng had dispersed, a second grenade was supposed to be thrown at Mahatma Gandhi, who was by himself.
However, the claimed conspirator Digambar Badge lost heart, refrained from launching the second grenade, and fled with the mob.

Mahatma Gandhi Assassination Attempt on June 25, 1934

On June 25, 1934, at Pune, there was an unsuccessful attempt to kill Gandhi.
Gandhi and his wife Kasturba Gandhi were in Pune for Gandhi’s speech at Corporation Auditorium.
They were moving in a pair of automobiles called a motorcade.
The couple’s vehicle was running late, so the first car arrived at the auditorium.
Exactly as the first car pulled up to the theatre, a bomb was tossed and detonated nearby.
As a result, the Pune Municipal Corporation’s Chief Officer, two police officers, and seven additional people suffered severe injuries.
However, neither an account of the investigation nor any records of the arrests made can be located.
Pyarelal Nayyar, Gandhi’s secretary, thought that the failure of the attempt was due to a lack of coordination and planning.

Hockey World Cup 2023: Germany beat Belgium 5-4 in the finals

Hockey World Cup 2023: The FIH Men’s Hockey World Cup 2023 was won by Germany over Belgium 5-4 in the penalty shootout at the Kalinga Stadium in Bhubaneswar, India. The scores were level at the end of regulation time at 3-3. This is Germany’s third Hockey World Cup title after they won it in 2002 and 2006. With this, they draw level with Netherlands and Australia. Germany also made history by winning a World Cup final after falling behind. They eventually won the championship after going from being down 2-0 to leading 3-2 and then winning a shootout.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

Earlier in the day, the Netherlands beat Australia 3-1 to claim the bronze medal. It was the first time since 1998 that Australia failed to finish on podium at the FIH World Cup.

FIH Men’s Hockey World Cup 2023 standings – all teams

1. Germany

2. Belgium

3. Netherlands

4. Australia

5. England

6. Spain

7. New Zealand

8. Korea

9. Argentina

9. India

11. South Africa

11. Wales

13. France

13. Malaysia

15. Chile

15. Japan

Martyr’s Day (Shaheed Diwas) 2023: Mahatma Gandhi death Anniversary

Martyrs’ Day or Shaheed Diwas 2023: India commemorates all of the liberation fighters who gave their life for the nation on January 30, 2023, as Martyrs’ Day or Shaheed Diwas. The day is also marked as the death anniversary of the nation’s ‘Bapu’, Mahatma Gandhi. On this day in 1948, Gandhi was assassinated by Nathuram Godse in the compound of Birla House after one of his routine multi-faith prayer meetings. Godse, a member of Hindu Mahasabha, blamed Gandhi for favouring the Muslim community during the partition of India in 1947. According to legend, Gandhi said “Hey Ram” as his final words.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

Notably, Martyrs’ Day is also observed in India on March 23 to pay respect to Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar, who was hanged death on this day in 1931.

Significance of Shaheed Diwas

The significance of Shaheed Diwas comes from the fact that Mahatma Gandhi, regarded as the “Father of the Nation,” organised significant nonviolent resistance activities to British rule. His death anniversary is observed as Shaheed Diwas or Martyrs’ Day, and his philosophy was based on the principles of non-violence, the fight for truth (satyagraha), and political and individual freedom (Swaraj).

India commemorates Martyrs’ Day on January 30 by paying respects to Mahatma Gandhi’s Samadhi at Raj Ghat in Delhi. The President, Vice President, Prime Minister, Defense Minister, and the three Service Chiefs (Army, Air Force, And Navy) pay their respects to the father of the nation.

About Mahatma Gandhi

Mahatma Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar city of Gujarat. He went to London to complete his law degree and then went to South Africa to practice barrister. When he was in South Africa, he observed that Indians were treated poorly and belonged to a lower section of people along with the other people of color.

He joined the Indian National Congress in 1915. During this time, he started various movements to fight against British rule in India which affected the nation severely. The various movements include Quit India Movement, the Dandi March, and the Non-cooperation Movement. He was known as ‘Bapu’. He chooses the path of non-violence to fight against the injustice of the British government. He also opposed the partition of India.

In modern Indian history, Mahatma Gandhi remains one of the greatest freedom fighters in India. His thoughts and view of fighting against the British government influenced all Indians to come together and raise their voice. He chooses satyagraha and ahimsa over guns and wars to achieve the Independence of India. The philosophies, thoughts, and ideas will always remain embedded in the ethos and culture of India.

Petr Pavel, Former Chairman of the NATO Military Committee, Became the President of the Czech Republic

Petr Pavel, Former Chairman of the NATO Military Committee, Became the President of the Czech Republic: The new president of the Czech Republic is Petr Pavel, who previously served as chairman of NATO’s military committee. Pavel, 61, defeated billionaire Andrej Babis in a run-off vote to replace controversial President Milos Zeman as he emerged as the new Czech President. Pavel, a former general in the armed forces, received more than 58% of the vote, according to the Czech Statistics Office.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

More About This Development:

As none of the eight initial candidates received an absolute majority in the first round of voting two weeks ago, the election was decided in a second-round run-off between Pavel and Babis. Former paratrooper Pavel received 58.3% of the vote, while Andrej Babis received 41.7 %.

The 61-year-old Pavel will in March replace President Milos Zeman, an outspoken and divisive politician who fostered close ties with Moscow before making a U-turn when Russia invaded Ukraine last year.

Petr Pavel’s Political Lineage:

He has been a vocal supporter of the European Union and NATO, seeing the Czech Republic’s future as inextricably linked to their membership.

Time and again, Pavel has also expressed his support for the country to provide military and humanitarian assistance to Ukraine during the conflict with Russia.

India’s First Mission to Study the Sun, Aditya-L1, will be Launched by June-July: ISRO chairman

India’s First Mission to Study the Sun, Aditya-L1, will be Launched by June-July: ISRO chairman- The Visible Line Emission Coronagraph (VELC), the main payload on board Aditya-L1, India’s first dedicated scientific mission to study the Sun, was given to ISRO by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) and is scheduled to launch by June or July. The handing over ceremony was held in the presence of the ISRO Chairman S Somanath at the Centre for Research and Education in Science and Technology (CREST) campus of IIA. IIA said it has successfully finished assembling, testing and calibrating the VELC, which is the largest and one of the most technically challenging of the seven payloads/telescopes that will fly on Aditya-L1, at its CREST campus.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

About The Payloads In Aditya-L1:

Aditya-L1 features a total of seven payloads, the main one of which, the VELC, was created and manufactured by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA, Bengaluru). The ISRO and other scientific institutions are creating the remaining six payloads. Understanding the effect of the Sun on the Earth and its surroundings has become very important now and Aditya-L1 aims to shed light on this topic. The payload will be taken to the R. Rao Satellite Centre (Bengaluru), where it will be integrated with the Aditya-L1 satellite and will undergo further testing, evaluation and finally launched using the PSLV.

About The Visible Line Emission Coronagraph (VELC) Payload:

The data collected by the VELC payload, which will continuously observe the corona, is anticipated to bring solutions to several outstanding questions in the study of the solar astronomy.
No other solar coronagraph in space has the ability to image the solar corona as close to the solar disk as VELC can (can image it as close as 1.05 times the solar radius).
It can also do imaging, spectroscopy, and polarimetry at the same time, and can take observations at a very high resolution.

What is the Aditya-L1 Mission:

Aditya (in Sanskrit means Sun) is a planned coronagraphy spacecraft to study solar atmosphere (solar corona – outermost part).
Currently, ISRO and a variety of other Indian research institutions are working on its design and development.
First dedicated Indian mission to observe the Sun, it is planned to be launched in June-July 2023 aboard a PSLV-XL launch vehicle. It was conceptualised in 2008 and was initially envisaged as a small 400 kg satellite.
The mission’s objectives have subsequently been broadened and it is now intended to be a comprehensive observatory of the sun and space environment.
It will be placed in an orbit around the Lagrange (L1) point (L1 is about 1.5 million kms from Earth) between Earth and the sun (so renamed – “Aditya-L1“).

What are Lagrange Points:

Lagrange points are positions in space where objects sent tend to stay there, as the gravitational pull of two large masses precisely equals the centripetal force required for a small object to move with them.
These points in space can be used by spacecraft to reduce fuel consumption needed to remain in position.
The first Lagrangian point of the Sun-Earth system, L1 orbit, allows Aditya-L1 to look at the sun continuously.

India Observes 158th Birth Anniversary of Freedom Fighter Lala Lajpat Rai

India Observes 158th Birth Anniversary of Freedom Fighter Lala Lajpat Rai: The country commemorates the liberation fighter Lala Lajpat Rai, also known as Punjab Kesari, on his 158th birthday. On January 28, 1865, Lala Lajpat Rai was born in Dhudike to his maternal grandparents. On the occasion of the 158th birth anniversary of the freedom fighter Lala Lajpat Rai, the cabinet minister announced a grant of Rs 12 lakh on the demand of the villagers.

Lala Lajpat Rai has made a huge contribution to the struggle for the independence of the nation. He was also known as the leader of the Swadeshi movement.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

Lala Lajpat Rai

Indian politician and writer Lala Lajpat Rai. He was born on January 28, 1865, and passed away on November 17, 1928. He is referred to as “Punjab Kesari” and was essential to the campaign for Indian independence. People also called him ‘Punjab da Sher’ which means ‘Lion of Punjab’.

He was one of the Lal Bal Pal Trimurti’s three members. He was also associated with the management activities of Punjab National Bank in the early years and Lakshmi Insurance Company in their early stages in 1894.

Lala Lajpat Rai History

Lala Lajpat Rai, the oldest of Munshi Radha Krishna’s six children, was born on January 28, 1865, into an Agrawal Jain household. He spent most of this youth in Jagraon. Additionally, he constructed Jagraon’s first school, R.K. High School.

Lala Lajpat Rai Education

His father was appointed as an Urdu teacher at Rewari, Punjab province, in the late 1870s, where he received his early education at Government Higher Secondary School. In 1880, Lajpat Rai joined Government College at Lahore to study law, where he came in contact with patriots and future freedom fighters, such as Lala Hans Raj and Pandit Guru Dutt.

While studying at Lahore he was influenced by the Hindu reformist movement of Swami Dayanand Saraswati, became a member of the existing Arya Samaj Lahore, and founder-editor of Lahore-based Arya Gazette.

Lala Lajpat Rai Career

Lala Lajpat Rai’s Career was inspired by Swami Dayanand Saraswati’s Hindu reformist movement while studying in Lahore and entering the existing Arya Samaj Lahore. The Arya Gazette in Lahore hired him as its first editor. He developed a strong belief in Hinduism as the foundation upon which an Indian way of life must be formed when studying law. His father moved to Rohtak in 1884, and Lala Lajpat Rai followed after finishing his studies in Lahore.

In 1886, he moved to Hisar, where his father had been relocated, and began practicing law. He and Babu Churamani were founding members of the Hisar Bar Council. He had a strong desire to serve his country since childhood, and he took a vow to free it from foreign rule in 1886 when he established the Hisar district branch of the Indian National Congress.

World Leprosy Day 2023 is observed 29th January

World Leprosy Day 2023: On the final Sunday in January, World Leprosy Day (WLD) is observed. The date for World Leprosy Day in 2023 is January 29. This international day is an opportunity to celebrate people who have experienced leprosy, raise awareness of the disease, and call for an end to leprosy-related stigma and discrimination. Raoul Follereau, a French humanitarian, chose this day to honour Mahatma Gandhi, who worked tirelessly to help those with leprosy before passing away at the end of January 1948.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

World Leprosy Day 2023: Theme

Three important messages are highlighted by this year’s theme:

Elimination is possible: We have the power and tools to stop transmission and defeat this disease.
Act now: We need the resources and commitment to end leprosy. Prioritize leprosy elimination.
Reach the unreached: Leprosy is preventable and treatable. Suffering from leprosy is needless.

What is Leprosy?

Leprosy is curable with a combination of antibiotics known as Multi Drug Therapy (MDT). This treatment is available for free across the world. If leprosy is not treated, it can lead to serious complications.
One of the oldest illnesses known to humanity, leprosy has been around for at least 4,000 years. However, we believe we can be the generation that finally ends the transmission of leprosy – our target is to achieve 120 countries with zero new autochthonous leprosy cases by 2030.
Leprosy still exists! Although around 200,000 people were diagnosed with leprosy each year before COVID-19, this number has fallen by 30% because of disruptions caused by the pandemic to leprosy programmes. Many millions are living with leprosy-related disabilities, particularly across Asia, Africa, and South America.

Special ₹ 75 Coins realeased at Delhi NCC Event by PM Modi

Special ₹ 75 Coins at Delhi NCC Event: 75 years of NCC: At the Delhi NCC Event, PM Modi unveiled special “75” coins to commemorate the National Cadet Corps (NCC) turning 75. The Delhi NCC event was also attended by Indian Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) Lt. Gen. Anil Chauhan and Defence Minister Rajnath Singh. The Yuva Shakti of India is what is propelling the nation’s progress, according to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who made the statement at the NCC rally.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

75 years of NCC: PM Modi address at Delhi NCC Event

At the Cariappa Ground in Delhi, the NCC rally was conducted to mark the 75th anniversary. Notably, 196 officers and cadets from 19 other nations took part in the demonstration as well. On the occasion of the celebration of the NCC’s 75 successful years, Earlier in the day, PM Modi released a special day cover and a commemorative coin with a 75-cent denomination.

PM Modi releases Special ₹ 75 Coins at Delhi NCC Event

He was happy to see that there were more women in the paramilitary and police over time.
PM Modi praised the youth’s excitement and promised that they will always come first in the nation.
The country’s youth are gaining from India’s reforms in the military industry.
Our girls have increased in number in the paramilitary and police forces during the past eight years.
Women are now present in all three branches of the armed forces.
PM Modi highlighted the potential that the startup and digital revolution have created for young people.
He added that the youth are driving India’s development and that the nation’s moment has come.

Microsoft Invests $10 Billion in ChatGPT Maker OpenAI

Microsoft Invests $10 Billion in ChatGPT Maker OpenAI: Microsoft and OpenAI, the company that makes ChatGPT, have announced a new multiyear, multibillion dollar investment. Microsoft Corp. will be making a $10 billion worth investment in OpenAI, the research lab behind the famous ChatGPT and DALL-E. After Microsoft’s prior investments in 2019 and 2021, this agreement begins the third phase of their partnership. Microsoft said the renewed partnership will accelerate breakthroughs in AI and help both companies commercialize advanced technologies in the future.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

Significance of This Strategic Investment:

OpenAI works closely with Microsoft’s cloud service Azure. In July 2019, Microsoft backed OpenAI with $1 billion, and the investment made Microsoft the “exclusive” provider of cloud computing services to OpenAI. Microsoft said that Azure will continue to serve as OpenAI’s exclusive provider.

The two companies will benefit from supercomputing at scale and new AI-powered experiences thanks to Microsoft’s investment.

OpenAI’s Modern Technology: The ChatGPT:

ChatGPT automatically generates text based on written prompts in a fashion that’s much more advanced and creative than the chatbots of Silicon Valley’s past. The software debuted in late November and quickly turned into a viral sensation as tech executives and venture capitalists gushed about it on Twitter, even comparing it to Apple’s debut of the iPhone in 2007.

About OpenAI:

OpenAI is ranked by AI researchers as one of the top three AI labs worldwide, and the company has developed game-playing AI software that can beat humans at video games such as Dota 2. However, it’s arguably received more attention for its AI text generator GPT-3 and its quirky AI image generator Dall-E.

Special ₹ 75 Coins realeased at Delhi NCC Event by PM Modi

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

75 years of NCC: PM Modi address at Delhi NCC Event

At the Cariappa Ground in Delhi, the NCC rally was conducted to mark the 75th anniversary. Notably, 196 officers and cadets from 19 other nations took part in the demonstration as well. PM Modi earlier in the day released an original day cover and a commemorative specially designed coin with the denomination of 75 to mark the NCC’s 75 successful years.

PM Modi releases Special ₹ 75 Coins at Delhi NCC Event

He was happy to see that over time, more women were joining the paramilitary and police.
PM Modi praised the youth’s excitement and promised that they will always come first in the nation.
The country’s youth are gaining from India’s reforms in the military industry.
Our girls have increased in number in the paramilitary and police forces during the past eight years.
Women are now present in all three branches of the armed forces.
PM Modi highlighted the potential that the startup and digital revolution have created for young people.
He added that the youth are driving India’s development and that the nation’s moment has come.

India’s First Green Solar Panel Factory to Build by Luminous in Uttarakhand

India’s First Green Solar Panel Factory to Build by Luminous in Uttarakhand: The first green energy-based solar panel manufacturing plant in India will be built in Uttarakhand and will be operational by the end of this year, according to Luminous Power Technologies. The location of the new India’s first green energy-based solar panel is Rudrapur which will be equipped with the latest technology to design and produce high-quality solar panels that will be used for both residential and commercial applications.

January 2023 Current Affairs Quiz

India’s First Green Solar Panel Factory to Build by Luminous in Uttarakhand – Key Points

The facility, spread across 4.5 lakh square feet per 10 acres, would help enable a solar production capacity of 500 MW annually once India’s first green energy-based solar panel will be operational.
It is expandable up to 1 GW, producing a range of solar panels with a power output of 40W to 600W. Luminous would establish its first solar panel facility with this factory’s commencement.
Preeti Bajaj, CEO, and MD, Luminous Power Technologies, informed that this project is a major step forward in Luminous Power Technologies’ journey towards enabling a cleaner and more sustainable future and aligns with the e Minister Narendra Modi’s goal of being net zero by 2070.
The solar panel installation is entirely automated and will run entirely on solar energy.
The facility’s annual production capacity will be equivalent to the carbon sequestration of planting one crore trees, making a major contribution to the reduction of CO2 emissions.

About Luminous Power Technologies

Luminous Power Technologies is a powerful and trustworthy brand with a wide range of innovative products in the power backup and residential solar space. Our 6000 employees service more than 60,000 channel partners and millions of customers through our presence in more than 36 countries and more than 28 sales offices in India.