India is a country of great diversities and vast spaces. It extends from arid deserts to lush green forests and from mountains to fertile plains.
The population has to be spread all over the country since the livelihood sources do not concentrate in one place. The ruggedness of the terrain also makes it difficult for people to live together.
Population distribution is also uneven within a country. Locations with favourable conditions are generally more densely populated compared to those in more challenging environments.
For example, North Wales has a lower population density than South Wales. In the north the relief is mountainous around Snowdonia, however, in the south, the relief is flat and can be easily built on.
Population distribution is often shown on a map. It can be shown on a dot map, as below, or choropleth map.