Q. During the Indian freedom struggle, the Khudai Khidmatgars, also known as Red Shirts, called for
(a) the Union of Pashtun tribal areas in north-west with the Afghanistan
(b) the adoption of terrorist tactics and methods for terrorising and finally ousting the colonial rulers
(c) the adoption of communist revolutionary ideology for political and social reform
(d) the Pathan regional nationalist unity and a struggle against colonialism
Ans: (d) the Pathan regional nationalist unity and a struggle against colonialism
Explanation: During the Indian freedom struggle, the Khudai Khidmatgars, also known as Red Shirts, called for (d) Pathan regional nationalist unity and a struggle against colonialism.
The Khudai Khidmatgar movement was a nonviolent and nationalist movement that emerged among the Pashtun community in the North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) of British India, which is now part of Pakistan. The movement was led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, also known as Bacha Khan.
The Khudai Khidmatgars advocated for Pashtun unity, social reforms, and the struggle against British colonialism. They emphasized nonviolence and passive resistance as their main methods of protest. The movement played a significant role in mobilizing the Pashtun population against British rule and became a prominent force in the Indian freedom struggle.
It’s important to note that the other options mentioned in the question, such as union with Afghanistan, adoption of terrorist tactics, or communist revolutionary ideology, do not align with the objectives and methods of the Khudai Khidmatgars.