India includes a range of climate types, from deserts to alpine forests. The climate is strongly influenced by the altitude and by the distribution of continents and oceans. The major factors that affecting India’s climate are:
Latitude
The climate of India comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a vast geographic scale and varied topography, making generalizations difficult.
The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country from the Rann of Kachchh in the west to Mizoram in the east. India’s climate has characteristics of tropical as well as subtropical climates.
Altitude
Altitude is a crucial factor in experiencing climate. The climate is always found to be changing with the altitude of the region.
An increase in altitude causes an increase in temperature and pressure. High altitudes are often referred to as cold regions where it snows, while lowlands are referred as tropical regions, which gives rise to equatorial climate.
