GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT OF 1858 & INDIAN COUNCIL ACT OF 1861: UPSC Daily Important Topic | 7 December 2021

UPSC
✓ GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT OF 1858.

•India will now be governed by, and in the name of, Her Majesty.

•Designation of Governor-General of India will now be changed to that of Viceroy of India.

•It ended the system of Double government by abolishing the Board of Control and Court of Directors.

•Created a new office, Secretary of State for India, vested with complete authority and control over Administration.

•It established a 15 –  member council of India to assist the secretary of state of India.

• It constituted the secretary of state in council as a body corporate, capable of suing and being sued in India.

✓INDIAN COUNCIL ACT OF 1861.

•It made a beginning of Representative institutions by associating Indians with the law-making Process.

• Viceroy Canning nominated three Indians to the legislative council – The Raja of Benaras, Maharaja of Patiala, and Sir Dinkar Rao.

•It initiated the process of Decentralisation by restoring the legislative Powers to the Bombay and Madras presidency.

• It also provided for the establishment of new legislative councils for Bengal, NWFP, and Punjab.

•It also gave recognition to the Portfolio system, introduced by Canning.

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