Q. How did the ‘National Liberal Federation of India come into existence?
(a) Differences between the Muslim League and the Congress
(b) Clash between the moderates and the extremists in the Congress
(c) Failure of the Muslim League and the Congress to achieve the goals
(d) ‘Divide and Rule’ policy of the British Government
Ans: (b) Clash between the moderates and the extremists in the Congress
Explanation: The correct option is (b) Clash between the moderates and the extremists in the Congress.
The National Liberal Federation of India came into existence as a result of the clash between the moderates and the extremists within the Indian National Congress during the early 20th century.
During this period, the Indian National Congress, which was the major political organization advocating for Indian independence, experienced ideological differences and conflicts between two factions within the party. The moderates, led by leaders such as Dadabhai Naoroji and Gopal Krishna Gokhale, believed in a gradual and constitutional approach towards achieving self-government for India. On the other hand, the extremists, led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Lala Lajpat Rai, advocated for a more assertive and radical approach, including the use of boycotts, strikes, and mass mobilization.
Due to the growing divergence in ideologies and tactics, the National Liberal Federation of India was formed in 1906 as a separate organization within the Indian National Congress. It represented the moderate faction and aimed to counter the influence of the extremist wing. However, the National Liberal Federation did not gain significant traction and eventually faded away.
So, option (b) is the correct answer.
