In petroleum refining operations, the process used for converting paraffins and naphthenes to aromatics is

Q. In petroleum refining operations, the process used for converting paraffins and naphthenes to aromatics is

(A) alkylation

(B) catalytic reforming

(C) hydrocracking

(D) isomerization

Ans: (B) catalytic reforming

Catalytic reforming is the process used in petroleum refining operations to convert paraffins and naphthenes (saturated hydrocarbons) into aromatics (unsaturated hydrocarbons with a ring structure). It involves the use of a catalyst and high temperature to promote the rearrangement of hydrocarbon molecules, leading to the formation of aromatics such as benzene, toluene, and xylene. The process is an essential step in producing high-octane gasoline components and other valuable petrochemicals from lower-quality refinery streams.