Q. James Mill’s History of British India was:
(a) Critical of the prior Orientalist position.
(b) Had a low estimation of Hindu Civilization
(c) Provided a prejudiced account of the great rebellion of 1857
(d) Both (a) and (b).
Ans: (d) Both (a) and (b).
Explanation: The correct answer is (d) Both (a) and (b).
James Mill’s “History of British India” can be characterized as critical of the prior Orientalist position and having a low estimation of Hindu civilization.
(a) Critical of the prior Orientalist position: James Mill was a prominent figure in the Utilitarian school of thought and had a critical stance towards Orientalist scholars who emphasized the cultural and intellectual achievements of India. He argued for a more rational and utilitarian approach to understanding India, emphasizing the need for British governance and reforms.
(b) Had a low estimation of Hindu Civilization: Mill’s work portrayed Hindu civilization in a negative light. He viewed Hinduism as a religion that fostered superstition, irrationality, and social stagnation. His writings emphasized the supposed despotism and backwardness of Hindu society.
It is important to note that James Mill’s work has been criticized for its biased and Eurocentric perspective, and his negative portrayal of Hindu civilization has been challenged by subsequent scholars. Nonetheless, these perspectives are representative of his “History of British India.”
Therefore, the correct answer is (d) Both (a) and (b).
