Q. Major difference between ‘Varna’ and ‘Jati’, is that
(a) Jatis are limited whereas Varnas are unlimited
(b) Jatis are only four whereas Varnas are many
(c) Varnas are only four whereas Jatis are many
(d) Jati is decided by birth but not Varna
Ans: (c) Varnas are only four whereas Jatis are many
Explanation: The correct answer is (c) Varnas are only four whereas Jatis are many.
The major difference between ‘Varna’ and ‘Jati’ lies in their respective classifications and numbers.
Varna refers to the four-fold social division system in traditional Hindu society. The four Varnas are Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and farmers), and Shudras (laborers and servants). Varna is primarily based on one’s inherent qualities and aptitude, often associated with the concept of occupation and duties. It is believed to be determined by birth and considered relatively fixed.
On the other hand, Jati refers to the subgroups or sub-castes within each Varna. Jatis are numerous and can be further divided based on occupation, regional and cultural factors, kinship, and other social distinctions. Jatis often have their own distinct traditions, customs, and practices. Unlike Varna, Jati can be more fluid and can change over time based on various factors, including marriage alliances and social mobility.
Therefore, the major difference between Varna and Jati is that Varnas are only four (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Shudra) whereas Jatis are many and can vary based on regional and local factors.
Hence, the correct answer is (c) Varnas are only four whereas Jatis are many.
