Q. Swaraj Party was formed after the failure of
(a) Quit India Movement
(b) Satyagraha Movement
(c) Noncooperation Movement
(d) Civil Disobedience Movement
Ans: (c) Noncooperation Movement
Explanation: The Swaraj Party was formed after the failure of option (c) Noncooperation Movement.
The Noncooperation Movement was a significant mass movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress from 1920 to 1922. The movement aimed to challenge British colonial rule through nonviolent resistance and noncooperation with British institutions, including boycotting British goods, resigning from government posts, and organizing protests.
However, the Noncooperation Movement faced challenges and setbacks, including the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922, where a protest turned violent, leading to the deaths of policemen. In response to this incident, Mahatma Gandhi called off the Noncooperation Movement, as he believed that the movement had taken a wrong turn and could not be carried out with the desired nonviolent discipline.
After the suspension of the Noncooperation Movement, some prominent leaders within the Indian National Congress, including Motilal Nehru and Chittaranjan Das, felt the need to continue their political activities within the existing constitutional framework. As a result, they formed the Swaraj Party in 1923. The Swaraj Party aimed to participate in the legislative councils and work towards self-governance or “Swaraj” through constitutional means.
Therefore, the Swaraj Party was formed after the failure of the Noncooperation Movement.
