Q. The enactment of the Factories Act of 1881 was a result of the pressure exerted by
(a) Bombay Cotton Mill Owners
(b) Calcutta Jute Mill Owners
(c) Dundee Chamber of Commerce
(d) Manchester Chamber of Commerce
Ans: (d) Manchester Chamber of Commerce
Explanation:
The correct answer is (d) Manchester Chamber of Commerce. The Factories Act of 1881 was enacted in British India with the aim of regulating the working conditions in factories and protecting the interests of workers. The act introduced various provisions regarding working hours, employment of women and children, and safety measures in factories.
The pressure for enacting the Factories Act of 1881 came primarily from social reformers and labor activists who advocated for improved working conditions and the rights of factory workers. However, it was the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, representing the interests of British industrialists and manufacturers, that played a significant role in advocating for the implementation of factory regulations in India.
The Manchester Chamber of Commerce was concerned about the reputation of British goods in international markets and recognized the need to address the issues of poor working conditions and exploitation of labor in Indian factories. They believed that the implementation of factory regulations would not only improve the conditions for workers but also enhance the quality and reputation of British-made goods.
Therefore, the correct answer is (d) Manchester Chamber of Commerce.
