Q. The historian Barani refused to consider the state in India under Delhi Sultans as truly Islamic because
(a) the majority of the population did not follow Islam
(b) the Muslims theologists were often disregarded
(c) the Sultan supplemented the Muslim law by framing his own regulations
(d) religious freedom was accorded to non-Muslims
Ans: (c) the Sultan supplemented the Muslim law by framing his own regulations
Explanation: The correct answer is (c) the Sultan supplemented the Muslim law by framing his own regulations.
The historian Barani refused to consider the state in India under Delhi Sultans as truly Islamic because he believed that the Sultans supplemented the Muslim law by framing their own regulations. Barani was a historian who lived during the Delhi Sultanate, and he held a conservative view regarding the implementation of Islamic law.
Barani believed that the Delhi Sultans, particularly those from the early Tughlaq dynasty, did not strictly adhere to Islamic law (Sharia). Instead, they enacted their own regulations and policies, which Barani viewed as an interference in the realm of religious law. Barani criticized the rulers for deviating from the traditional Islamic legal framework and believed that this compromised the authenticity of the state as being truly Islamic.
It is worth noting that this viewpoint represents Barani’s perspective and does not necessarily reflect the opinions of all historians or contemporaries of the time.
