Q. The notion of saptanga that was introduced in Arthashastra includes
(a) kings, territory, administration and treasury
(b) music, dance, ragas and wrestling
(c) ministers, civil servants, subalterns and those involved in espionage
(d) aristocrats, acharyas, traders and monks .
Ans: (a) kings, territory, administration and treasury
Explanation: The notion of saptanga, as introduced in the Arthashastra, includes:
(a) Kings, territory, administration, and treasury.
The Arthashastra, written by Kautilya (also known as Chanakya), is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economics, and governance. It outlines the principles and strategies for effective ruling and administration. The concept of saptanga refers to the “seven limbs” or essential components of the state that need to be carefully managed by the king for successful governance. These seven limbs are:
1. Swami (King): The central figure and ruler of the state.
2. Amatya (Ministers): The advisors and high-ranking officials who assist the king in decision-making and governance.
3. Janapada (Territory): The geographical boundaries and territories under the control of the state.
4. Durga (Fortress): The defense and security of the state, including fortifications and military strategies.
5. Kosha (Treasury): The management of finances, including revenue collection, taxation, and state finances.
6. Danda (Punishment): The system of law and order, including the administration of justice and punishment for maintaining social order.
7. Mitra (Allies): The establishment and management of diplomatic relations with other kingdoms and states.
These seven components together form the saptanga, the comprehensive framework for effective governance and administration as described in the Arthashastra.
