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Tropical Cyclone – Geography

Geography Notes

A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level wind circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain.

The term tropical refers to the geographical origin of these systems, which form almost exclusively over tropical seas. In addition to strong winds and rain, tropical cyclones are capable of generating high waves, damaging storm surge, and tornadoes.

Tropical cyclones derive their energy from the evaporation of water from the ocean surface, which ultimately recirculates as water vapor into the atmosphere.

Horizontally, it extends up to 500-1,000 km and vertically from surface to 12-14 km. A tropical cyclone or hurricane is like a heat engine that is energised by the release of latent heat on account of the condensation of moisture that the wind gathers after moving over the oceans and seas.

Some initial conditions for the emergence of a tropical cyclone are:

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