Q. Which of these was the cause of the disintegration of the Mughal Empire?
(a) War of succession among the sons of Aurangzeb
(b) Attacks of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali
(c) Revolts of various communities like Sikhs, Jats, Rajputs.
(d) All the above
Ans: (d) All the above
Explanation:
The correct answer is (d) All of the above.
The disintegration of the Mughal Empire can be attributed to a combination of factors, including:
(a) War of succession among the sons of Aurangzeb: After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, a series of conflicts erupted among his sons over the throne. This internal strife weakened the empire and led to regional fragmentation.
(b) Attacks of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali: In the 18th century, the Mughal Empire faced invasions from external forces, most notably Nadir Shah of Persia in 1739 and Ahmad Shah Abdali of Afghanistan in the 1760s. These invasions resulted in significant territorial losses and further weakened the empire.
(c) Revolts of various communities like Sikhs, Jats, Rajputs: Various communities and regions within the Mughal Empire, such as the Sikhs in Punjab, Jats in the Mathura region, and Rajputs in Rajasthan, launched revolts against Mughal authority. These rebellions challenged Mughal control and further contributed to the disintegration of the empire.
Overall, the combination of internal conflicts, external invasions, and regional uprisings led to the gradual decline and disintegration of the once-mighty Mughal Empire.
