Q. Who destroyed the Nalanda University in 1202 AD ?
(a) Moizuddin Muhammad Ghori
(b) Bakhtiyar Khilji
(c) Mahmud of Ghazni
(d) Qutbuddin Aibak
Ans: (b) Bakhtiyar Khilji
Explanation: The destruction of Nalanda University in 1202 AD is attributed to (b) Bakhtiyar Khilji.
Bakhtiyar Khilji was a general of the Delhi Sultanate under the rule of Qutbuddin Aibak. In 1193 AD, Bakhtiyar Khilji invaded Bihar and Bengal regions of India. During his campaign, he is said to have attacked and destroyed Nalanda University, which was a renowned center of learning and a symbol of knowledge and scholarship.
The exact details and circumstances surrounding the destruction of Nalanda University are not extensively documented, and historical accounts vary. However, it is generally believed that Bakhtiyar Khilji’s forces set fire to the university, resulting in significant damage and the loss of valuable manuscripts, temples, and educational infrastructure.
The destruction of Nalanda University marked a significant blow to the intellectual and cultural heritage of ancient India, as it led to the decline and eventual abandonment of the institution. Despite the destruction, Nalanda University remains a symbol of India’s rich educational and scholarly past.