World Seagrass Day is observed every year on March 1 to raise awareness about the crucial role seagrass plays in our ecosystems and to encourage conservation initiatives. Seagrass is essential for sustaining marine life, protecting coastlines, and serving as a significant carbon sink. The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) officially recognized this day on May 22, 2022, after a resolution put forward by Sri Lanka highlighted the pressing need for seagrass conservation.
What is Seagrass?
Seagrass is a type of flowering plant that grows in shallow coastal waters around the world, with the exception of Antarctica. It is one of the rare plant species that has adapted to life underwater, offering food and habitat to many marine creatures. Unlike seaweed, seagrass has roots, stems, and leaves, which makes it more akin to land plants.
Types of Seagrass and Their Global Presence
There are 72 known species of seagrass distributed across 159 countries, covering an estimated 300,000 square kilometers of seabed. Some of the most common types of seagrass include:
- Eelgrass (Zostera marina) – Found in temperate regions, providing habitats for fish and crustaceans.
- Shoal Grass (Halodule wrightii) – Thrives in shallow waters and serves as a food source for marine herbivores.
- Star Grass (Halophila engelmannii) – Grows in tropical and subtropical regions, supporting diverse marine species.
