Environment Related Laws in India Multiple Choice Questions & Answers

1. Which of the following is a step taken by the government of India to control air pollution?

1. Mandatory mixing of 20% ethyl alcohol with petrol and 20% biodiesel
2. Compulsory PUC (Pollution Under Control) certification of petrol driven vehicles, which tests for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
3. Use of non-polluting Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) only as fuel by all buses and trucks
4. Both 1 and 3

Answer: Compulsory PUC (Pollution Under Control) certification of petrol driven vehicles, which tests for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

2. Select the incorrect statement.

1. In the 1990s, Delhi ranked fourth among the 41 most polluted cities of the world.
2. Mass Emission Standards (Bharat Stage II which is equivalent to Euro-II norms) are not applicable in any of the cities of India.
3. The main challenge with switching over to CNG is the difficulty of laying down pipelines to deliver CNG through distribution points/ pumps and ensuring uninterrupted supply.
4. In India, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in 1984, but was amended in 2022 to include noise as an air pollutant.

Answer: In India, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in 1984, but was amended in 2022 to include noise as an air pollutant.

3. Penalty for contravention of the provisions of the Act and the rules, orders and directions, is provided in section____ of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

1. Section 24 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
2. Section 22 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
3. Section 15 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
4. Section 23 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Answer: Section 15 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

4. The doctrine of …… means that the absolute liability for harm to environment extends not only to compensate the victims of pollution but also to the cost of restoring the environmental degradation.

1. Polluter pays principle
2. Precautionary principle
3. Public Trust
4. Public Nuisance

Answer: Public Trust

5. Which of the following Acts is popularly known as Umbrella Legislation?

1. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
2. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
3. The Factories Act, 1948
4. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

Answer: The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

6. Which is the international treaty made to protect the ozone layer from CFCs?

1. Paris Agreement
2. Montreal Protocol
3. Cartagena protocol
4. Nagoya Protocol

Answer: Montreal Protocol

7. Which of the following norms stated that aromatic hydrocarbons should be 42 per cent of the concerned fuel?

1. Euro II Norms
2. Euro I Norms
3. Euro IV Norms
4. Euro III Norms

Answer: Euro III Norms

8. Which section of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with the Persons handling hazardous substances to comply with procedural safeguards?

1. Section 12 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
2. Section 9 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
3. Section 14 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
4. Section 20 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Answer: Section 9 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

9. Which section of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with the Persons handling hazardous substances to comply with procedural safeguards?

1. Section 7 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
2. Section 8 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
3. Section 4 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
4. Section 5 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Answer: Section 8 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

10. Section 19 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 enables a person to file complaint in a Criminal Court after giving’s notice to the Pollution Control Board. Once a complaint has been made, the board ls bound to make available to the complainant all relevant reports on demand. The board may also refuse to disclose on public Interest. Similar provisions are also available under

1. Section 49 of the Water Act, 1974 and Section 43 of the Air Act, 1981
2. Section 43 of the Water Act, 1974 and Section 49 of the Air Act, 1981
3. Section 42 of the Water Act, 1974 and Section 46 of the Air Act, 1981
4. Section 41 of the Water Act, 1974 and Section 42 of the Air Act, 1981

Answer: Section 49 of the Water Act, 1974 and Section 43 of the Air Act, 1981

11. India's first State/UT to release a Climate Change Action plan is:

1. Uttarakhand
2. Haryana
3. Delhi
4. More than one of the above

Answer: Delhi

12. The stringent norms for fuel means

1. Reducing sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel fuel
2. Reducing number of vehicles on road
3. Reducing noise pollution
4. All of the above

Answer: Reducing sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel fuel

13. In which of the following cases the Supreme Court discussed the development of the “Precautionary Principle”?

1. Olga Tellis (1986) case
2. M.C. Mehta v. Union of lndia
3. Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra v. State of U.P.
4. A.P. Pollution Control Board v. M.V Nayudu

Answer: Olga Tellis (1986) case

14. In India, Environmental Protection Act was introduced in the year1. 1988

1. 1972
2. 1986
3. 1989
4. Not Attempted

Answer: 1986

15. Assertion (A): Public Trust Doctrine in the state to act as the Trustee Resources.

Reason (R): The benefit of natural resources to public can not be deprived unilaterally

Code:

1. Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is the correct explanation of (A)
2. Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is not correct explanation of (A)
3. (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect
4. (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct

Answer: Both (A) and (R) are correct and R is not correct explanation of (A)

16. “Ramsar Convention” is related to

1. Climate Change
2. Pesticide Pollution
3. Wetland Conservation
4. More than one of the above

Answer: Wetland Conservation

17. Section 25 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with_______?

1. Government Analysts
2. Power to make rules
3. Bar of jurisdiction.
4. Protection of action taken in good faith.

Answer: Power to make rules

18. 'The Kyoto Protocol' is related to which theme?

1. Economic Co-operation
2. Disarmament
3. To reduce global warming
4. To stop terrorism

Answer: To reduce global warming

19. When did The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, come into force?

1. 01 April 1986
2. 01 March 1986
3. 01 May 1986
4. 19 November 1986

Answer: 19 November 1986

20. When did the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, come into force?

1. 01 April 1986
2. 01 March 1986
3. 01 May 1986
4. 29 March 1981

Answer: 29 March 1981

21. The stringent norms for fuel means

1. Reducing sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel fuel
2. Reducing number of vehicles on road
3. Reducing noise pollution
4. All of the above

Answer: Reducing sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel fuel

22. Which section of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with the Offences by companies?

1. Section 16 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
2. Section 14 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
3. Section 13 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
4. Section 18 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Answer: Section 16 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

23. Which section of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with Rules to regulate environmental pollution?

1. Section 7 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
2. Section 4 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
3. Section 6 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
4. Section 9 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Answer: Section 6 of The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986