Himachal Pradesh Public Service Commission, known commonly as HPPSC, is a government agency and topmost constitutional body of Government of Himachal Pradesh. Here is a detailed syllabus for HPAS Main Exam Optional Paper 1.
Optional Paper – Agriculture
Paper I
- Ecology and ecological niche, their relevance to man, Natural resources, their management and conservation. Physical and social environment as factors of crop distribution and production. Climatic elements as factors of crop growth, global warming, its impact on agricultural production, as indicators of environments. Environmental pollution and associated effect on crops, animals and humans.
- Cropping patterns in different agro-climatic zones of the country, Impact of high yielding and short duration varieties on shifts in cropping pattern. Principles of multiple cropping. Multi-storey, relay intercropping - their importance in relation to food production and resource use. Resource conservation technologies. Package of practices for production of important cereals, pulses, oil seeds, fibre, sugar and commercial crops grown in different regions of the country.
PAPER-II
- Heredity and variation, Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, Cytoplasmic inheritance, Quantitative characters, Plant tissue culture – somaclonal variation, micropropagation and producing cell cultures. Nucleic acid – its structure and types, restriction enzymes, cloning vectors and transformation. Polymerase chain reaction, DNA finger printing and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) issues.
- Origin and domestication of field crops. Morphology and patterns of variations in varieties and related species of important field crops, Causes and utilization of variations in crop improvement. Application of the principles of plant breeding, methods of breeding of self and cross pollinated crops. Heterosis and its exploitation. Male sterility and self incompatibility, utilization of mutation and polyploidy in breeding.
- Seed and seed technology, important types of seeds and their production, processing and testing of seeds of crops and seed certification regulation.
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