Himachal Pradesh Public Service Commission, known commonly as HPPSC, is a government agency and topmost constitutional body of Government of Himachal Pradesh. Here is a detailed syllabus for HPAS Main Exam Optional Paper CIVIL ENGINEERING.
Optional Paper – CIVIL ENGINEERING
PAPER-I
Theory and design of structures:
- Strength of Materials - Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, Principle stresses & strains in two dimensions, Theories of failures, Mohr circle, axially loaded compression members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending, Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength.
- Structural Analysis- Principle of superposition, reciprocal theorem, unsymmetrical bending, columns and struts, Analysis of determinate and indeterminate structures, simple and space frames, degrees of freedom, virtual work, energy theorems, deflection of trusses, redundant frames, three moments equation, slope & deflection method, moment distribution method, column analogy & energy methods, Matrix method of analysis, stiffness and flexibility matrix & Elements of plastic analysis. Analysis of determinate and indeterminate arches, spandrel braced arches. Moving loads - influence lines for simple and continuous beams and frames.
- Steel Design - Factors of safety and load factor, Welding, riveting & bolting, design of tension, compression and flexural members, built up beams and plate girders, semi-rigid and rigid connections, Design of stanchions, slab and gusted bases, crane and gantry girders, roof trusses, water tanks. Plastic design of continuous frames and portals.
R.C.C. Design – Working stress method – Design of beams, slabs, columns & staircases.
- Limit state method - Design of one way and two way rectangular slabs, simple and continuous beams, columns, stairs. footings- single and combined raft foundations, elevated water tanks, encased beams and columns, Design of retaining, counter fort & breast walls.
- Methods and system of prestressing, anchorages losses in prestress, design of prestressed girders and beams.
Building Construction:
- Building materials and construction- timber, stone, brick, sand, surkhi, mortar, concrete,
- paints and varnishes, plastics. Detailing of walls, floors, roofs and ceilings, staircases,
- doors and windows, plastering, jointing, painting, use of building codes, ventilation, air
- conditioning, lighting and acoustics. Building estimates and specification, construction
- scheduling- PERT and CPM
Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering:
- Soil Mechanics- classification of soil, atterberg’s limits, void ratio, moisture contents, permeability, laboratory and field tests, seepage and flownets, flow under hydraulic structures, uplift and quick sand condition, unconfined and direct shear tests, triaxial test, earth pressure theories, stability of slopes, theories of consolidation, rate of settlement, total and effective stress analysis, pressure distribution in soils, Boussinasque and Westergaard’s theories, soil stabilization.
- Foundation Engineering- Bearing capacity of footings, piles and wells, design of retaining walls, sheet pile and caissons.
PAPER-II
Survey and Transportation Engineering:
- Survey: Common methods of distance and angle measurements, plane table survey, levelling, traverse survey, triangulation survey, corrections and adjustments, contouring, topographical map, surveying instruments, Tachometry, Circular & transition curves, Principles of Photogrammetry, Principles of Remote sensing and GIS.
- Highways- classification of roads, planning, geometric design of highways, highway materials, flexible and rigid pavements, Traffic engineering and traffic surveys, intersection and road signs, signals and markings, Road drainage- culverts & small bridges, transportation system design.
- Railways- permanent way, ballast, sleeper, chairs and fastening, points and crossing, different types of turnouts, cross-overs, setting out of points, maintenance of track, super elevation, creep of rail, ruling gradients, track resistance, tractive effort, curve resistance, station yards, signals and interlocking, Railway crossing.
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Engineering:
- Dynamics of fluid flow - equations of continuity energy and momentum, Bernoulli’stheorem, velocity potential and stream function, rotational and irrotational flow, free and forced vortices, flow net. Dimensional analysis and its application to the practical problems, viscous flow between static and moving parallel plates, flow through circular tubes, velocity distribution in laminar and turbulent flow, critical velocity, losses, hydraulic and energy grade lines, siphons, pipe network, Forces on pipe bends, compressible flow, subsonic and supersonic velocity, Mach number, shock waves water hammer.
- Open channel flow - Energy & momentum factors, uniform & non-uniform flows, specific energy & specific force, critical depth, gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles, Hydraulic jump.
- Design of canals- Unlined channels in alluvium, the critical tractive stress, principles of sediment transport, regime theory, lined channels, Canal lining, Canal structures- design of regulation work, cross drainage work cross regulators, head regulators, canal falls, aqueducts, canal outlets, Diversion Headwork-principle of design of different parts on impermeable and permeable foundations, Khosla’s theory, energy dissipation.
- Dams- Design of rigid dams, earth dams, forces acting on dams, stability analysis, design of spillways.
- Hydrology- hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration and infiltration, hydrographs- unit hydrograph, flood estimation and frequency analysis, Reservoir planning & storage capacity,
- Water requirements for crops - quality of irrigation water, consumptive use of water, water depth and frequency of irrigation, duty of water, irrigation methods and efficiencies. Water logging - its cause and control, design of drainage system, soil salinity. River training works.
Water Supply & Sanitation:
- Water supply- Ground water hydraulics, demand of water, impurities of water- physical, chemical and bacteriologic analysis, water borne diseases, intake of water pumping and gravity schemes. Water treatments- principle of settling, coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation, slow, rapid and pressure filters, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity. Water distribution- layouts storage, hydraulic pipelines, pipe fittings, pumping stations and their operations.
- Sanitation- sanitary appliances, latrines and urinals, Disposal of sanitary sewage, industrial waste, storm sewage, separate and combined system. Flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances- Manholes, inlets, junction, siphons, ejection etc. Sewer treatment working principles, units- chambers, sedimentation tank etc. activated sludge process, septic tank and disposal of sludge, rural sanitation, environment pollution and ecology.
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