1. What are the cracks along with the blocks that have moved relative to one another?
- Folds
- Joints
- Faults
- Intrusions
Answer: Faults
2. Which is the lowermost and the oldest epoch of the tertiary period of the geologic time scale?
- Eocene
- Holocene
- Cretaceous
- Paleocene
Answer: Paleocene
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3. Which is the largest Geological time unit?
- eons
- eras
- epochs
- periods
Answer: eons
4. The Moho discontinuity marks the boundary between which two layers of the Earth?
- Crust and upper mantle
- Outer core and inner core
- Mantle and lower mantle
- Crust and lower mantle
Answer: Crust and upper mantle
5. The ozone layer in the Earth’s atmosphere is limited to the following areas:
- A Troposphere
- Stratosphere
- Mesosphere
- Thermosphere
Answer: Stratosphere
6. Which among the following is not an Eon?
- Archean
- Hadean
- Paleozoic
- Proterozoic
Answer: Paleozoic
7. The lithosphere is composed of which two layers?
- Crust and upper mantle
- Outer core and inner core
- Mantle and lower mantle
- Crust and lower mantle
Answer: Crust and upper mantle
8. The density of the Earth generally increases with depth. What is the primary reason for this increase?
- Decrease in temperature
- Increase in pressure
- Changes in chemical composition
- Expansion of rock materials
Answer: Increase in pressure
9. Which layer of the Earth is characterized by convection currents that drive plate tectonics?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Answer: Mantle
10. Which layer of the Earth is the thickest?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Answer: Mantle
11. The field of geology that deals with the form, classification, mechanism, and causes of these rock structures’ evolution are known as
- Rock geology
- Structural geology
- Basic geology
- Lithology
Answer: Structural geology
12. Which among the following sequence of Eons is correct?
- Archean, Hadean, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic
- Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic
- Archean, Hadean, Phanerozoic and Proterozoic
- Hadean, Archean, Phanerozoic and Proterozoic
Answer: Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic
13. The following factors contribute to the accumulation of oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere:
- Formation of the ocean in the early history of Earth
- Algae and other organisms employed photosynthesis
- Oxygen settled on Earth from planets further from the sun
- Rocks weathered and released their oxygen.
Answer: Algae and other organisms employed photosynthesis
14. Which type of seismic wave is responsible for causing the most destruction during an earthquake?
- P-waves
- S-waves
- Surface waves
- Love waves
Answer: Surface waves
15. The transition zone is a region located between which two layers of the Earth?
- Crust and upper mantle
- Outer core and inner core
- Upper mantle and lower mantle
- Crust and lower mantle
Answer: Upper mantle and lower mantle
16. Which layer of the Earth is composed mainly of silicate minerals rich in iron and magnesium?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Answer: Mantle
17. The Earth’s outermost layer is made up of:
- Solid rock
- Molten lava
- Loose soil and sediments
- All of the above
Answer: All of the above
18. Large reptiles became abundant during the ________Era?
- Cenozoic
- Mesozoic
- Paleozoic
- Precambrian
Answer: Mesozoic
19. Who among the following rocks has a significant stratification?
- Igneous rocks
- Metamorphic rocks
- Sedimentary rocks
- Fossil rocks
Answer: Sedimentary rocks
20. The Mohorovičić discontinuity is named after a scientist from which country?
- United States
- Russia
- Croatia
- France
Answer: Croatia
21. What is the largest division of the geologic time scale?
- Eon
- Era
- Epoch
- Period
Answer: Eon
22. Which period is known as the “the age of fishes”?
- Silurian
- Devonian
- Cambrian
- Ordovician
Answer: Devonian
23. Which type of seismic wave can travel through both solids and liquids?
- P-waves
- S-waves
- Surface waves
- Love waves
Answer: P-waves
24. The Gutenberg discontinuity marks the boundary between which two layers of the Earth?
- Crust and upper mantle
- Outer core and inner core
- Mantle and lower mantle
- Upper mantle and lower mantle
Answer: Outer core and inner core
25. As a consequence of global warming, there may be an increase in sea level as a result of:
- A Melting of ice-caps
- Thermal expansion of seawater
- Both A. and B.
- Isostatic rebound
Answer: Both A. and B.
26. The asthenosphere is a part of which layer of the Earth?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Answer: Mantle
27. What is the source of energy for the Earth’s internal heat engine?
- Solar energy
- Ocean tides
- Volcanoes
- Radioactivity
Answer: Radioactivity
28. Which among the following is the most recent in the geological time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy?
- Tertiary Period
- Quaternary Period
- Cretaceous Era
- Oligocene
Answer: Quaternary Period
29. Which layer of the Earth is responsible for generating Earth’s magnetic field?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Answer: Outer core
30. Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel?
- Crust
- Mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
Answer: Inner core
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