Heredity and Evolution MCQs | Heredity and Evolution Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

(1) Exchange of genetic material takes place in
[A] Vegetative reproduction
[B] Asexual reproduction
[C] Sexual reproduction
[D] Budding
Answer: Sexual reproduction
(2) A cross between a tall plant (TT) and short pea plant (tt) resulted in progeny that were all tall plants because
[A] Tallness is the dominant trait
[B] Shortness is the dominant trait
[C] Tallness is the recessive trait
[D] Height of pea plant is not governed by gene 'T' or 't'
Answer: Tallness is the dominant trait

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(3) Which of the following statement is incorrect?
[A] For every hormone there is a gene
[B] For every protein there is a gene
[C] For production of every enzyme there is a gene
[D] For every molecule of fat there is a gene
Answer: For every molecule of fat there is a gene
(4) The maleness of a child is determined by
[A] The X-chromosome in the zygote
[B] The Y-chromosome in zygote
[C] The cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex
[D] Sex is determined by chance
Answer: The Y-chromosome in zygote
(5) Select the incorrect statement
[A] Frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generations resulting in evolution
[B] Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation is genetically controlled
[C] Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny
[D] Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution
Answer: Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation is genetically controlled
(6) A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?
[A] Carrot and potato
[B] Carrot and tomato
[C] Radish and carrot
[D] Radish and potato
Answer: Radish and carrot
(7) Select the correct statement
[A] Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are homologous
[B] Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are analogous
[C] Wings of birds and limbs of lizards are analogous
[D] Wings of bird and wings of bat are homologous
Answer: Wings of bird and wings of bat are homologous
(8) A trait in an organism is influenced by
[A] Paternal DNA only
[B] Maternal DNA only
[C] Both maternal and paternal DNA
[D] Neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA
Answer: Both maternal and paternal DNA
(9) According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to
[A] Sudden creation by nature
[B] Accumulation of variations over several generations
[C] Clones formed during asexual reproduction
[D] Movement of individuals from one habitat to another
Answer: Accumulation of variations over several generations
(10) From the list given below, select the character which can be acquired but not inherited
[A] Colour of eye
[B] Colour of skin
[C] Size of body
[D] Nature of hair
Answer: Size of body
(11) In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to short plants in F2 is
[A] 1 : 3
[B] 3 : 1
[C] 1 : 1
[D] 2:1
Answer: 3 : 1
(12) The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by
[A] Mendel
[B] Darwin
[C] Morgan
[D] Lamarck
Answer: Darwin
(13) Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that
[A] Reptiles have evolved from birds
[B] There is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
[C] Birds have evolved from reptiles
[D] None of the above
Answer: Birds have evolved from reptiles
(14) Which of the following best expresses the concept of the word ‘allele’?
[A] Genes for wrinkled and yellow
[B] Genes for wrinkled and round
[C] phenotypes
[D] the expression of agene
Answer: Genes for wrinkled and round
(15) The inheritance of skin colour in humans is an example of which of the following?
[A] Epistasis
[B] Gene linkage
[C] polygeneic inheritance
[D] codominance
Answer: polygeneic inheritance
(16) Which of the following gives information about the phenotype but not the genotype?
[A] XHY
[B] Hemophiliac man
[C] Tall pea plant
[D] None of the above
Answer: Tall pea plant
(17) An example of a genotype is:
[A] A tall pea plant
[B] R and r
[C] TtHH
[D] Hemophiliac
Answer: TtHH
(18) A pedigree chart shows:
[A] The genotypic ratios of the offspring
[B] The types of gametes produced by the parents
[C] The pattern of inheritance of a specific gene
[D] Which genes are co-dominant
Answer: The pattern of inheritance of a specific gene
(19) Mendel discovered principles of inheritance because he:
[A] Observed simultaneously all of the many characteristics in which the parents differed
[B] Believed that the hereditary characteristics of two individuals became thoroughly blended in the offspring
[C] Ignored all characteristics except a few markedly contrasting ones in which he studied
[D] Studied only the offspring obtained from a single mating
Answer: Ignored all characteristics except a few markedly contrasting ones in which he studied
(20) An example of alleles is:
[A] AB and Tt
[B] TT and Tt
[C] T and t
[D] X and Y
Answer: T and t