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Free download in PDF Pharmacology Short Questions and Answers for competitive exams. These short objective type questions with answers are very important for competitive exams. These short solved questions or quizzes are provided by Gkseries.
41
A 24-year-old man presents with a headache that has been present for nine months. He has headache almost every day, mainly frontal, sometimes with nausea. Current medication includes paracetamol, brufen and codeine with only transient relief of symptoms. He has a history of depression. Examination was normal.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
[A]
analgesic misuse headache
[B]
cluster headache
[C]
frontal brain tumour
[D]
headache due to depression
Answer: analgesic misuse headache
42
An elderly man with a history of asthma, congestive heart failure, and peptic ulcer disease is admitted with bronchospasm and rapid atrial fibrillation. He recieves frequent nebulised salbutamol and IV digoxin loading, his regular medications are continued. 24 hours after admission his serum potassium is noted to be 2.8 mmol/l. Which of his medications is most likely to have caused this abnormality.
[A]
Digoxin
[B]
ACE inhibitor
[C]
Salbutamol
[D]
Ranitidine
43
A 55 year old man presents with gynaecomastia while receiving treatment for Heart failure.
Which of the following drugs is most likely to be the cause of his gynaecomastia?
[A]
Amiloride
[B]
Carvedilol
[C]
Frusemide
[D]
Omeprazole
44
Which of the following is currently recommended as the drug of choice in treating refractory ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tacchycardia?
[A]
Adenosine
[B]
Amiodarone
[C]
Bretyllium
[D]
Lignocaine
45
Oral therapy with which of the following may cause galactorrhoea?
[A]
Bromocriptine
[B]
Cabergoline
[C]
Spironolactone
[D]
Domperidone
46
Which of the following is a feature of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci?
[A]
cause resistant infective diarrhoea
[B]
produce an enzyme that inactivates vancomycin
[C]
may be found in healthy community volunteers not recently hospitalized
[D]
high dose ampicillin is the treatment of choice
Answer: may be found in healthy community volunteers not recently hospitalized
47
Erythropoietin therapy causes
[A]
Benign intracranial hypertension
[B]
Myositis
[C]
Hypotension
[D]
Seizures
48
Which of the following is true of radioactive iodine (131I) therapy?
[A]
Causes hypothyroidism in 90% of treated patients within 3 months
[B]
Causes a deterioration in ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves disease
[C]
Is associated with a subsequently increased risk of infertility
[D]
Is associated with an increased risk of thyroid lymphoma
Answer: Causes a deterioration in ophthalmopathy in patients with Graves disease
49
A 45 year old male type 1 diabetic with a number of complex diabetic gastrointestinal complications is noted to have a PR interval of 0.18s, a QRS duration of 0.1s and a QT interval of 0.48s on routine ECG. Which of the following drugs may be responsible?
[A]
Cisapride
[B]
Octreotide
[C]
Co-trimoxazole
[D]
Domperidone
50
Useful therapy for improving fertility in Polycystic ovarian syndrome include
[A]
Cyproterone acetate
[B]
Ethinyl oestradiol
[C]
Glibenclamide
[D]
Spironolactone
51
A study has been designed to investigate whether a certain drug plus physiotherapy treatment is better than drug treatment alone in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. After randomizing the patients a small proportion of the drug plus physiotherapy group decide to drop out of the study or omit some treatment sessions specified in the research protocol. What is the correct way of analysing the subsequent data?
[A]
Assume the patients have withdrawn their consent
[B]
Exclude these patients from all analysis
[C]
Extend the trial recruitment to make up the numbers
[D]
Include these patient outcomes in the drug plus physiotherapy group
Answer: Include these patient outcomes in the drug plus physiotherapy group
52
Which of the following anti-microbials is associated with prolongation of the QT interval?
[A]
Co-amoxiclav
[B]
Gentamicin
[C]
Cefuroxime
[D]
Erythromycin
53
In malignant hyperpyrexia:
[A]
A mortality rate of 20% may be expected
[B]
Elevation of serum creatine kinase and myoglobinuria is diagnostic
[C]
Muscle biopsy may be histologically normal
[D]
The only available specific treatment is sodium dantrolene, which has a neutral pH
Answer: Muscle biopsy may be histologically normal
54
Which of the following compounds has a vasodilating effect?
[A]
Antidiuretic hormone
[B]
Calcitonin
[C]
Endothelin
[D]
Renin
55
In a chronic disease which has no known effective treatment, a new treatment is known to be effective in animal models and shows promise in short-term studies in patients. There are some theoretical concerns about toxicity involving liver and bone marrow although no cases have been observed in studies so far. What is the most appropriate next step in the drug's development?
[A]
case control study
[B]
No further studies should be done and drug development should be stopped
[C]
open study
[D]
randomised double blind placebo controlled study
56
A 40-year-old man attending a routing screening has a blood pressure of 166/100 mmHg. Two weeks later his blood pressure was 150/90 mmHg. He does not smoke. He drinks 35 units alcohol / week. His body mass index (BMI) is 30 kg/m2 (20 - 25). What is the best management strategy?
[A]
amlodipine
[B]
atenolol
[C]
bendrofluazide
[D]
lifestyle advice
57
A 70 year old female is admitted 12 hours after taking an overdose of aspirin. Investigations revealed: Serum sodium 138 mmol/L (137-144), Serum potassium 5.9 mmol/L (3.5-4.9), Serum bicarbonate 14 mmol/L (20-28), Serum urea 18.1 mmol/L (2.5-7.5), Serum creatinine 238 umol/L (60-110), Serum salicylate 1120 mg/L (8 mmol/L). What is the most appropriate treatment of this patient?
[A]
Haemodialysis
[B]
Haemofiltration
[C]
Intravenous sodium bicarbonate
[D]
Peritoneal dialysis.
58
A 56 year old male with left ventricular systolic dysfunction was dyspnoeic on climbing stairs but not at rest. The patient was commenced on ramipril and frusemide. Which one of the following drugs would improve the patient's prognosis?
[A]
Amiodarone
[B]
Amlodipine
[C]
Bisoprolol
[D]
Digoxin
59
A 78 year old female is referred by her GP with high blood pressure. Over the last three months her blood pressure is noted to be around 180/80 mmHg. She has a body mass index of 25.5kg/m2, is a nonsmoker. There are no features to suggest a secondary cause for her hypertension.
Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for her blood pressure?
[A]
Alpha-Blocker
[B]
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor
[C]
Angiotensin Blocker
[D]
Calcium channel blocker
Answer: Calcium channel blocker
60
Which one of the following is a recognised treatment option in poisoning?
[A]
ethanol for isopropyl alcohol poisoning
[B]
glucagon for cocaine poisoning
[C]
methylene blue for cyanide poisoning
[D]
pralidoxime in sarin (nerve gas) poisoning
Answer: pralidoxime in sarin (nerve gas) poisoning
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