Biochemical Basis of Sports Performance Quiz | Biochemical Basis of Sports Performance Short Questions & Answers

Sports GK Questions and Answers 2024 (Latest Updated)

Awards & Honours GK Questions 2024 (Latest Updated)

Questions
41 Which of the following releases most energy when completely oxidised in the body?
A one gram of glucose
B one gram of palmitic acid
C one gram of leucine
D one gram of alcohol

Answer: one gram of palmitic acid
42 The þ-oxidation of a molecule of palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14CO2H:
A yields 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA and some ATP and water
B yields 16 molecules of acetyl-CoA only
C yields carbon dioxide and water only
D does not involve oxygen

Answer: yields 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA and some ATP and water
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43 Fatty acids are transported into the mitochondria bound to
A thiokinase
B coenzyme A (CoA)
C acetyl-CoA
D carnitine

Answer: carnitine
44 Most of the free fatty acids are transported in the blood:
A inside the red blood cells
B as lipoproteins
C combined with glucose
D bound to albumin

Answer: bound to albumin
45 The process of breaking down triacylglycerol into free fatty acids and glycerol is called:
A beta oxidation
B lipogenesis
C lipolysis
D both (a) and (c) are correct

Answer: lipolysis
46 The major source of carbohydrate in a typical Western diet is:
A starch
B cellulose
C glycogen
D sucrose

Answer: starch
47 The synthesis of glucose from lactate, glycerol, or amino acids is called:
A glycogenolysis
B glycolysis
C lipolysis
D gluconeogenesis

Answer: gluconeogenesis
48 Aerobic resynthesis of ATP occurs:
A in the mitochondria in a process called glycogenolysis
B in the mitochondria in a process called oxidative phosphorylation
C in the cytosol
D in the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer: in the mitochondria in a process called oxidative phosphorylation
49 Glucose enters muscle cells mostly by:
A simple diffusion
B facilitated diffusion using a specific glucose transporter
C co-transport with sodium
D co-transport with amino acids

Answer: facilitated diffusion using a specific glucose transporter
50 Embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion are:
A the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs’ cycle)
B the components of the electron transport chain
C glycogen molecules
D triacylglycerol molecules

Answer: the components of the electron transport chain
51 Sodium bicarbonate ingestion improves middle distance running performance by:
A elevating the pH and buffering capacity of the extracellular fluid allowing a faster efflux of hydrogen ions from muscle
B reducing the pH and buffering capacity of the extracellular fluid allowing a faster efflux of hydrogen ions from muscle
C elevating the pH and buffering capacity of the extracellular fluid allowing a faster influx of hydrogen ions into muscle
D elevating the pre-exercise muscle pH

Answer: elevating the pH and buffering capacity of the extracellular fluid allowing a faster efflux of hydrogen ions from muscle
52 The low intake of carbohydrate in the diet:
A does not influence exercise performance in events lasting less than 10 minutes
B affects the resting muscle pH
C may impair high intensity exercise performance
D results in greater reliance on muscle glycogen during exercise

Answer: may impair high intensity exercise performance
53 The rate of blood lactate accumulation is determined by:
A the rate of muscle lactate production and the rate of muscle lactate efflux
B the rate of anaerobic glycolysis
C the rate of muscle glucose uptake
D the difference between the rate of lactate appearance and the rate of lactate clearance

Answer: the difference between the rate of lactate appearance and the rate of lactate clearance
54 Approximately how many kJ of energy are expended if an athlete’s steady-rate oxygen uptake averages 3.0 l/min for 5 minutes of exercise?
A 60 kJ
B 150 kJ
C 300 kJ
D 500 kJ

Answer: 300 kJ
55 Which of the following generates free glucose during the enzymatic breakdown of glycogen in skeletal muscle?
A phosphorylase
B debranching enzyme
C α-1-6-amyloglucosidase
D amylase

Answer: α-1-6-amyloglucosidase
56 Muscle lactate production increases when:
A oxygen is readily available
B pyruvate cannot be formed from glucose breakdown
C the pH of the muscle falls
D glycolysis is activated at the onset of exercise

Answer: glycolysis is activated at the onset of exercise
57 When branched chain amino acids are deaminated in muscle, the ammonia produced is mostly:
A converted into arginine and released from the muscle
B converted into alanine and glutamine and released from the muscle
C converted into urea and released from the muscle
D used to synthesise purines and pyrimidines in the muscle

Answer: converted into alanine and glutamine and released from the muscle
58 Which of the following promotes glucose and amino acid uptake by muscle?
A adrenaline
B insulin
C glucagon
D cortisol

Answer: insulin
59 During exercise, adrenaline secretion from the adrenal glands is stimulated by:
A increased sympathetic nerve activity
B increased plasma ACTH
C increased plasma fatty acids
D increased plasma glucose

Answer: increased sympathetic nerve activity
60 Within the inner matrix of the mitochondrion are:
A the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs’ cycle)
B the components of the electron transport chain
C glycogen molecules
D the enzymes of gluconeogenesis

Answer: the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs’ cycle)

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