NCERT - Biotechnology Principles and Processes Questions and Answers of Class 12 Biology | GkSeries

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Questions
16 The most important feature in a plasmid to be used as a vector is:
1 Origin of replication (ori)
2 Presence of a selectable marker
3 Presence of sites for restriction endonuclease
4 Its size

Answer: Origin of replication (ori)
17 An enzyme catalysing the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA is:
1 endonuclease
2 exonuclease
3 DNA ligase
4 Hind – II

Answer: exonuclease
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18 A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be:
1 Human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process
2 Amino acid codons for humans and bacteria are different
3 Human protein is formed but degraded by bacteria
4 All of the above

Answer: Human gene may have intron which bacteria cannot process
19 Transgenic organisms means
1 An organism with all desirable characters
2 an organism with a particular mutated gene
3 an organism with foreign gene by genetic engineering
4 An organism with a number of mutated characters.

Answer: an organism with foreign gene by genetic engineering
20 Gene cloning means
1 Production of mutated genes
2 Production of wild genes
3 Production of dominant genes
4 production of large populations of desired DNA fragments

Answer: production of large populations of desired DNA fragments
21 Molecular scissors are
1 Ligase
2 Helicase
3 Restriction endonuclease
4 DNA polymerase

Answer: Restriction endonuclease
22 For DNA finger printing we need
1 cells from the tip of finger
2
3 cells from the reproductive organs
4 any cells from the fingers

Answer: cells from any part of the body
23 Which of the following has popularised the PCR (polymerase chain reactions)?
1 Easy availability of DNA template
2 Availability of synthetic primers
3 Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides
4 Availability of ‘Thermostable’ DNA polymerase

Answer: Availability of ‘Thermostable’ DNA polymerase
24 The role of DNA ligase in the construction of a recombinant DNA molecule is:
1 Formation of phosphodiester bond between two DNA fragments
2 Formation of hydrogen bonds between sticky ends of DNA fragments
3 Ligation of all purime and pyrimidine bases
4 None of the above

Answer: Formation of phosphodiester bond between two DNA fragments
25 Artificial synthesis of DNA without a template was first done by
1 Khorana
2 Geier
3 Meselson
4 Watson

Answer: Khorana
26 Genetically modified DNA fragments are called
1 Recombinant DNA
2 S DNA
3 Mitochondrial DNA
4 None of these

Answer: Recombinant DNA
27 Which of the given statement is correct in the context of observing DNA separated by agarose gel electrophoresis?
1 DNA can be seen in visible light
2 DNA can be seen without staining in visible light
3 Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen in visible light
4 Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light

Answer: Ethidium bromide stained DNA can be seen under exposure to UV light
28 An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of:
1 Competent cells
2 Transformed cells
3 Recombinant cells
4 None of the above

Answer: Transformed cells
29 Totipotency means
1 Ability of a cell to grow into a complete plant
2 Ability of an animal cell to recombine with plant cell
3 Ability of a cell to grow into a complete individual
4 Ability of an animal cell to fully developed animal cell

Answer: Ability of a cell to grow into a complete individual
30 Which one is a true statement regarding DNA polymerase used in PCR?
1 It is isolated from a virus
2 It remains active at high temperature
3 It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells
4 It serves as a selectable marker

Answer: It remains active at high temperature

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