Nucleic Acid MCQs | Nucleic Acid Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

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Questions
1 Identify the purine base of nucleic acids in the following
A Cytosine
B Thymine
C Uracil
D Adenine

Answer: Adenine
2 Which of the following statements is true?
A Sugar component of a nucleotide is ribose
B Sugar component of a nucleotide is deoxyribose
C The bases in nucleotides are attached to a pentose sugar moiety by a glycosidic linkage
D The sugar molecule of the nucleotide is in L-configuration

Answer: The bases in nucleotides are attached to a pentose sugar moiety by a glycosidic linkage
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3 What is the composition of nucleoside?
A a sugar + a phosphate
B a base + a sugar
C a base + a phosphate
D a base + a sugar + phosphate

Answer: a base + a sugar
4 The sugar molecule in a nucleotide is
A Pentose
B Hexose
C Tetrose
D Triose

Answer: Pentose
5 Arrangement of nucleotides in DNA can be seen by
A Ultracentrifuge
B X-Ray crystallography
C Light microscope
D Electron microscope

Answer: X-Ray crystallography
6 One of the following nucleic acids has a left handed helix
A M-RNA
B T-RNA
C A-DNA
D Z-DNA

Answer: Z-DNA
7 Which of the following is true about Z-DNA helix?
A It has alternating GC sequences
B It is a permanent conformation of DNA
C It tends to be found at the 3’ end of the genes
D It has fewer base pairs per turn than B-DNA

Answer: It has alternating GC sequences
8 Which of the following statements is true?
A The template strand matches the sequence of the RNA transcript
B The two strands of DNA run parallel to each other
C G-C bonds are much more resistant to denaturation than A-T rich regions
D The common form of DNA is left handed

Answer: G-C bonds are much more resistant to denaturation than A-T rich regions
9 Which structural feature is shared by both uracil and thymine?
A Both contain two keto groups
B Both contain one methyl group
C Both contain a five-membered ring
D Both contain three nitrogen atoms

Answer: Both contain two keto groups
10 Histones
A are negatively-charged globular proteins
B contain both α-helix and β-pleated sheet
C have molecular weights in excess of 100,000
D contain high amounts of basic amino acids

Answer: contain high amounts of basic amino acids
11 Which is a property of both viral genetic material and bacterial genetic material?
A Both can be double-stranded, circular DNA
B Both can be single-stranded, linear RNA
C Both can be compacted into inverted repeats
D Both can be compacted into plasmids

Answer: Both can be double-stranded, circular DNA
12 Which are characteristics of bacterial genetic material?
A It is double-stranded and supercoiled
B It is single-stranded and relaxed
C It is circular and compacted into palindromes
D It is linear and attached to a protein scaffold

Answer: It is double-stranded and supercoiled
13 Assume that DNA molecules are studied in a variety of organisms and found to have the following properties. Which property would be consistent with the hypothesis that genetic material is composed of DNA?
A DNA in all organisms is composed of the same nucleotides
B DNA in an organism remains constant as the organism ages
C DNA from two different organisms has the same base composition
D DNA is different in two different cells of the same organism

Answer: DNA in an organism remains constant as the organism ages
14 A new virus, virus X, is isolated and studied. Which molecule is most likely to be the genetic material of virus X?
A a linear DNA molecule containing 10,000 base-pairs
B a linear RNA molecule containing plasmids
C a circular DNA molecule containing nucleosomes
D a circular RNA molecule with a molecular weight of 10 billion

Answer: a linear DNA molecule containing 10,000 base-pairs
15 Which describes the structural properties of a eukaryotic chromosome?
A It contains a double-helix composed of nucleosomes each with four million base-pairs
B It is one double-stranded linear DNA molecule bound to proteins for compaction
C It is arranged into a 30 nm fiber which is attached to the cell membrane
D It contains linker regions which are arranged into loops and coiled to form a helix

Answer: It is one double-stranded linear DNA molecule bound to proteins for compaction
16 If the following experimental results were obtained, which would be evidence against DNA being the genetic material?
A The base composition of DNA is the same in two different cells of the same organism
B The viral components labeled with 32P remain outside the cell during a successful infection
C The transforming factor isolated from a virulent bacterium is sensitive to deoxyribonucleases
D The base composition of DNA in an organism remains constant as the organism ages

Answer: The viral components labeled with 32P remain outside the cell during a successful infection
17 Which is a characteristic of eukaryotic genetic material?
A Eukaryotic genetic material consists of supercoiled circular DNA molecules complexed with proteins into chromosomes
B Eukaryotic genetic material consists of relaxed linear DNA molecules complexed with RNA into a 30 nm fiber
C Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by wrapping the double-helix around histone proteins to form nucleosomes
D Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by folding linker regions around non-histone proteins to form a scaffold

Answer: Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by wrapping the double-helix around histone proteins to form nucleosomes
18 Which property is shared by the five histone proteins?
A They are acidic proteins with relatively large molecular weights
B They are multimeric proteins with high levels of Arg and Lys
C They are fibrous proteins with high amounts of α-helix
D They are globular proteins with a positive charge

Answer: They are globular proteins with a positive charge
19 Which characteristic will be shared when comparing the single 5’-(GA)20-3’ strand to another single-stranded DNA molecule with the sequence 5’-(AT)20-3’?
A Both contain a palindromic sequence
B Both can form the same secondary structures
C Both could hybridize to the same RNA molecule
D Both will have the same overall charge

Answer: Both will have the same overall charge
20 Which of the following double-stranded DNA molecules would denature at about the same temperature as the double-stranded molecule containing a 5’-(GA)20-3’ strand?
A a molecule which contains a (GC)20 strand
B a molecule which contains a (TA)20 strand
C a molecule which contains a (GACT)10 strand
D a molecule which contains a (GGGA)10 strand

Answer: a molecule which contains a (GACT)10 strand
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