Nucleic Acid Quiz | Nucleic Acid Objective Type Questions and Answers

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Questions
21 Which component is found in both guanosine and uridine?
A Both contain an aldohexose
B Both contain three hydroxyl groups
C Both contain a 1’,9 - bond
D Both contain a pyranose

Answer: Both contain three hydroxyl groups
22 Which property is shared by both CTP and dTDP?
A Both contain the same sugar
B Both contain the same charge at cellular pH
C Both contain a planar six-membered ring
D Both contain phosphodiester bonds

Answer: Both contain a planar six-membered ring
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23 Which is a general property of both nucleosides and nucleotides?
A Both contain a pentose in the form of a furanose
B Both contain at least one 5’-phosphate group
C Both contain a nitrogenous base that forms covalent H-bonds
D Both contain a hemiacetal or hemiketal bond

Answer: Both contain a pentose in the form of a furanose
24 Which characteristic does this double-stranded molecule have when it forms a B- DNA structure?
A The two strands will have parallel orientation and identical sequences
B The helix will be right-handed with 12 base-pairs per turn
C Every base-pair will contain one purine and one pyrimidine
D There are both covalent and non-covalent bonds between the two chains

Answer: Every base-pair will contain one purine and one pyrimidine
25 Which of the following double-stranded DNA molecules would denature at a lower temperature than the 40 base-pair double-stranded molecule described above?
A a 40 base-pair molecule in which 25% of the bases are adenines
B a 30 base-pair molecule in which 40% of the bases are guanines
C a 20 base-pair molecule in which 10% of the bases are thymines
D a 10 base-pair molecule in which 20 % of the bases are cytosines

Answer: a 10 base-pair molecule in which 20 % of the bases are cytosines
26 Which characteristic will this double-stranded DNA molecule share with a double-stranded RNA molecule of the same size?
A Both will have secondary structure
B Both will contain inverted repeats
C Both will be degraded by base
D Both will contain four types of base-pairs

Answer: Both will have secondary structure
27 Which will be a characteristic of this one single strand?
A The single-stranded chain will contain both ribose and deoxyribose
B The single-stranded chain will contain both purines and pyrimidines
C The single-stranded chain will contain one 5’-end and one 3’-end
D The single-stranded chain will contain multiple phosphodiester bonds each linking a 2’-carbon and a 5’-carbon

Answer: The single-stranded chain will contain one 5’-end and one 3’-end
28 Which of the following are not the components of RNA?
A Thymine
B Adenine
C Guanine
D Cytosine

Answer: Thymine
29 What is the composition of nucleotide?
A a sugar + a phosphate
B a base + a sugar
C a base + a phosphate
D a base + a sugar + phosphate

Answer: a base + a sugar + phosphate
30 Which of the following is true about phosphodiester linkage?
A 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
B 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
C 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 5’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
D 3’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide

Answer: 5’-phosphate group of one nucleotide unit is joined to the 3’-hydroxyl group of the next nucleotide
31 Which of the following is false about purine and pyrimidine bases?
A They are hydrophobic and relatively insoluble in water at the near-neutral pH of the cell
B At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water increases
C Purines have two rings in their structure, but pyrimidine bases have only one ring
D At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water decreases

Answer: At acidic or alkaline pH the bases become charged and their solubility in water decreases
32 Building blocks of nucleic acids are
A Nucleotides
B Nucleosides
C Amino acids
D Histones

Answer: Nucleotides
33 Which of the following leads to disruption of nucleosomal structure?
A Acetylation
B Carboxylation
C Phosphorylation
D Methylation

Answer: Methylation
34 Which of the following statements is not true about RNA?
A Does not have a double stranded structure
B Thymine is present
C Does not obey Chargaff’s rule
D The sugar contained in RNA is a ribose

Answer: Thymine is present
35 Which component is found in both adenosine and deoxycytidine?
A Both contain a pyranose
B Both contain a 1,1’-N-glycosidic bond
C Both contain a pyrimidine
D Both contain a 3’-OH group

Answer: Both contain a 3’-OH group
36 Which property is shared by both GDP and AMP?
A Both contain the same charge at neutral pH
B Both contain the same number of phosphate groups
C Both contain the same purine
D Both contain the same furanose

Answer: Both contain the same furanose
37 Which characteristic is shared by purines and pyrimidines?
A Both contain two heterocyclic rings with aromatic character
B Both can form multiple non-covalent hydrogen bonds
C Both exist in planar configurations with a hemiacetal linkage
D Both exist as neutral zwitterions under cellular conditions

Answer: Both can form multiple non-covalent hydrogen bonds
38 Which characteristic is shared by both adenine and cytosine?
A Both contain one methyl group
B Both are anomeric
C Both contain one keto group
D Both are heterocyclic

Answer: Both are heterocyclic
39 Which characteristic is found in both purines and pyrimidines?
A They both have aromatic rings that undergo substantial tautomerization at neutral pH
B They both are weak bases that can be positively charged at neutral pH
C They both have multiple pKa values that result in zwitterion forms
D They both can form stable N-glycosidic bonds with β D-ribofuranose

Answer: They both can form stable N-glycosidic bonds with β D-ribofuranose
40 Which force can stabilize a DNA double-helix?
A Hydrophobic bases are found in the interior of the helix where each base- pair is stabilized by the same number of hydrogen bonds
B Hydrophilic sugar-phosphate groups are found on the exterior of the helix where they can interact with water
C Non-covalent N-glycosidic bonds can form between nitrogenous bases in opposite strands in the helix
D Covalent base-stacking interactions can occur between adjacent bases within the same strand in the helix

Answer: Hydrophilic sugar-phosphate groups are found on the exterior of the helix where they can interact with water

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